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15. The CR and EU

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  • Location, neighbouring countries

  • Geography

  • Unesco cultural heritage

  • Political system of the Czech rep.

  • Important people in Czech history

  • Symbols of the EU

  • The major EU institutions

  • Advantages and disadvantages of being a member of EU

15. The Czech Republic and the EU

The Czech Republic is inland country in central Europe. It occupies an area of almost 80 000 sq km, which is comparable f.e. to Ireland; Population - 10 million inhabitants

The C.R. neighbour with 4 countries. In the north it borders with Poland, in the south with Austria, in the east with Slovakia and with Germany in the west.

The highest peak is Sněžka Mountain – 1603 meters above sea level; is located in Giant M., where rises the major European river Elbe as well.

Our state has a varied landscape.

Bohemia is surrounded by a ring of mountains – the Šumava range, the Czech Forest, the Ore Mountains, the Giant M., the Eagle M and so on.

Fertile lowlands can be found in the valleys of big rivers – the Vltava, the Elbe …

The climate is mostly continental, the warmest area is in South Moravia.

Our territory is known as the main European watershed – republic is divided into three drainage areas – rivers flow into The North Sea, Black Sea and Baltic Sea.

There are four national parks in the Czech Republic – Giant M., Podyjí, Bohemian Forest, Bohemian Switzerland.

Because of the state’s long and eventful history, there are numerous places of interest. Some of them have been listed as UNESCO sights and are under the protection of this international organisation.

To mention some interesting ones I chose:

  • Kutná Hora - a medieval mining town, which became rich because of its silver deposits, is famous for the Church of St. Barbara.

  • Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape - as every Czech knows, ‘lednice’ means ‘refrigerator’ but this chateaux complex in South Moravia is unlikely to leave you feeling frosty.

  • Others: The Historical Centre of Prague, Český Krumlov, Telč, The Pilgrimage Church of Jan Nepomuk in Zelená Hora, close to Žďár nad Sázavou

The CR is a parliamentary democracy. The Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Deputies (200 members) and the Senate (81 members).

The Senate is a relatively new institution to balance the power of the House. The executive branch is represented by the government and the president. After parliamentary election the president appoints the prime minister. The members of parliament are elected for a four-year-term and senators for six years.

The historical roots of the Czech state can be traced back to the 10th century, when the region was ruled by the Přemyslid dynasty. In 935, Duke Václav was killed by his brother Boleslav in fight for power. This violent act gave rise to the Wenceslas cult and St. Wenceslas is also the patron saint of the Czech Republic. The Czech kingdom expanded and during the reign of Přemysl Otakar II and Charles IV. Later on, the kingdom was absorbed into Habsburg Empire. A state in the modern sense of the word was established as a union of Czechs and Slovaks, called Czechoslovakia, in 1918 after the collapse of the Austro‑Hungarian Empire. On January 1, 1993, the two nations went their separate ways.

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