5. Maturitní téma - United States
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THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Capital city: Washington D.C. (D.C. = Direct of Columbia)
Other important cities:
New York
Philadelphia - Declaration of Independence
Miami
Los Angeles - Holywood, film industry
Las Vegas - casinos, slot machines, gambling
San Francisco - Golden Gate Bridge
Boston - Harvard university, city of universities
Seatle - Boeing is produced there
New Orleans - home town of JAZZ and BLUES
Detroit/Chicago - car
Geographic position: The country is situated in the middle of the North American continent. Between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. It borders Canada, Mexico and Russia
Area: US occupies the area of 9.3 mil. sq. km
Subdivision: 50 states - each of theme has got it´s own government and legislation.
Population: US has something about 300 mil. inhabitants. Many of theme are of European descent and of African descent. There are also large Hispanic community and people from Russia, Poland, Asia etc.
Symbols:
flag - On the top left corner, on the blue background is 50 stars. These stars represent the 50 states of the US. 13 stripes (red and white) which represent the founding colonies.
currency - american dollar
eagle
anthem
constitution
Political system: a federal republic
president
Barack Obama
strong and powerfull
head of the army and the government
is elected by people
government
ministry = department
the Congress
the Senate (100 representatives)
House of representatives (435 members)
Parties:
the Democrats
the Republicans
Religion
Protestants
other - Jewish, Islam...
International organization: US belongs to -
NATO (=North Atlantic Treaty Organization) - NATO is an organization, which protect the members countries before the potencial attack by the thirdth countries.
G8 (=eight most economically developed country)
UN (=United Nations)
WTO (=World Trade Organization)
Industries and agriculture:
products of pride
cars - car industry (Dodge, Ford...)
Boeing - air craft industry
IT (Microsoft, Apple, IBM...)
Si -> semiconductors -> mobil...
pharmaceutical industry (pils...)
film, food, clothes and oil industry
agriculture
eastern part
strong agriculture
Climate: large country => several climatic zones
subtropical climate in the South (SE)
dry and desert areas in central America
colder areas in the North
continental climate x oceanic climate (more rain, stable temperature)
Landscape:
western part -> mountaineas/hilly/highlands
eastern part -> lowlands
the Rocky mountains / the Rockies
the Sierra Nevada
the Appelachian mountains
Mt. McKinley in Alaska - 6 194 m
Missoury, Chio, Mississippi, Yukon, Colorado, Rio Grande
between USA and Canada is border lakes (Rio Grande)
History:
landbridge between Siberia and Alaska
1492 - Christopher Columbus discovered New World
the North American continent was colonized by the British/Spanish/French/Dutch
1775 - 13 colonies declared independence
7 December 1941 - Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
1945 - the US dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima and 3 days later on Nagasaki, Japan