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Commonwealth

DOC
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Commonwealth

The Commonwealth is a name for countries which were part of the British Empire before they became independent.

  • Now there are 53 countries of the Commonwealth of Nations.

  • Important countries are: Canada, Australia, New Zeeland, India.

  • Official head is a Queen Elisabeth II

  • The total population of all the 53 countries is about 2 billion.

Australia

  • is a insular continent.

  • is the smallest continent and the sixth largest country in the world.

  • is washed by Pacific and Indian Ocean.

  • is made up of 6 states and 2 territories.

  • was discovered in the 1770 by the James Cook.

Political system:

  • the official name is the Commonwealth of Australia.

  • the head is a Queen Elisabeth II represented by the Governor General

  • It has a democratic federal system of administration.

People:

  • the first original inhabitants of Australia were Aborigines.

  • now there are Europeans arrivals.

  • Population is about 18 million.

  • Australia as large at she USA.

City

  • the capital city is Canberra.

  • other important cities are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth.

Climate: it is a very dry with little rain.

Geography

  • the highest mountains is Mount Kasciusco (2230)

  • Mountain ranges are Australian Alps, Ayers Rock (Uluru)

  • The longest river is the Murray.

  • There are three big lakes: Lake Eyre, Lake Torrens, Lake Gairdner.

Fauna – the animals are kangaroo, dingo, koala bear, platypus, Emu, Tasmania devil.

Flora – the typical trees are eucalyptus trees and thornbushes

Important is the Great Barrier Reef.

Famous is Sydney Opera house.

Canada

  • is the second largest country in the world.

  • it is located in North America.

  • Is borders on the USA an Alaska.

  • Is made up of 10 provinces and 2 territories.

Political system:

  • it is constitutional monarchy.

  • the head is a Queen Elisabeth II represented by the Governor General

  • The real power is in hands of Prime Minister, Government, Parliament and state institutions.

People:

  • Population is about 35 million people.

  • the most Canadians are of British, French origin and other European countries.

  • There are Canadians, Indians and Eskimos.

Language

  • Canada is bilingual country.

  • Main languages are English and French.

Capital city: Capital city is Ottawa is located in the province Ontario.

  • Other cities are – Vancouver, Toronto, Montreal, Quebec.

Climate is mostly continental with warm summers and cold winters.

Geography:

Mountains – the Rocky Mountains, Coast Mountains

  • the highest point is Mount Logan (6050m)

  • Lakes – Lake Superior, Lake Huron, Lake Eire, Lake Ontario, Great Bear Lake

  • Rivers – the longest is the Mackenzie River, other are: Yukon, River of St. Lawrence

Fauna: there are deers, mooses, veindeers, bears and grizzly, foxes, bearers, seals, whales

Flora: there are pines, spruces, firs, maples, oaks, beeches.

National parks: The most know is Jasper National Park

  • important sights is Niagara Falls

  • most popular sport is ice hockey

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