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School and Education

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11 – SCHOOL AND EDUCATION

Education is very important for us, because through education we gain knowledge that helps us later in our life. It is interesting that almost in every country there is a different school system.
I would like to talk about the British, American and Czech school systems.

The United Kingdom

Education in the UK is compulsory for all children from the age of 5 until they turn 16. At first, pupils visit nursery school at the age of 3-4. At the age of five they start attending primary school, which can be either state-funded or private. Both types of school have to follow a prescribed national curriculum. At the age of seven they go on to junior school and then at 11 they transfer to secondary school. Usually, at the age of 15 the pupils take the GCSE exams (General Certificate of Secondary Education), that consists of eight or nine exams in Maths, English, a foreign language, a Science and humanities subjects. At the age of sixteen, pupils are free to leave school. If they carry on with their education, they study for two more years in an institution called a sixth form college. Usually, they take four subjects in the first year, which ends with an exam. If they pass, they have AS-Levels in these subjects and can go on to study three of them at A-Level (Advanced GCSEs).

At the age of eighteen most pupils find jobs or go to university. Most people in the UK have to fund part of their university education. This is similar to the US. Most prestigious universities are Stone universities: Cambridge U, Oxford U, St Andrew´s. Universities which were established during the Victorian Era are called “red brick universities”. There are also a lot of modern universities in the UK.

The United States

Similar to other countries, little children start their education with kindergarten between the ages of five and six. Parents have to pay for this pre-school education.
Elementary school formally starts their compulsory education, and covers five years. Most children go to public schools without charge, or they have a choice of private schools, which they must pay for. Students are graded on a system of A-F; with A being the best, and F meaning fail.

In grade six students go to Junior High and in the ninth grade they change to high school.

High School includes four grades. Each has a special name in American English. First year students are called freshmen, second year sophomores, then juniors and finally seniors.
When students are juniors, they take the SAT test (Scholastic Aptitude Test). This four-hour test quizzes students on their language, writing, math and critical thinking skills, among other things. The scores on this national test determine whether you succeed when applying to the university of your choice. The completion of high school is celebrated with a graduation ceremony and prom.

According to the student’s SAT results he or she may be accepted into a university. Most prestigious university in the USA according to the latest research is Caltech (Californian Technical University). Other prestigious universities are Harvard U, Yale U, Brown, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) etc.

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