Předmět Plant Physiology - Mgr. (ABA15E)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Cíl

The first aim of this subject is a knowledge of theoretical principles of plants and stand productivity. The knowledge of physiological regularities of biological and economical yield formation is important for analysis of reproductive potential of plants. It is very important for higher improvement of yield potential of farm crop. The relationships between plants and their environment are studied, also. The explication of the influence of hormones and other biologically active substances on regulation of plants growth and development is the second aim of the lectures. The basic form of teaching are lectures and practical exercises in students laboratory and in greenhouse. Lectures are accompanied with Power Point. Visit to laboratories in the Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague - Ruzyne and practical demonstrations are an integral part of the course.

Osnova

PřednáškaMembrane structure and membrane transport in plant cellEssential nutrient elements: roles and deficiency symptoms in plantsWater and plant cell - dessication and survivalWater balance in plant ecophysiologyLeaf as photosynthetic organPhotosynthesis: the light reactionPhotosynthesis: carbon metabolismPhotosynthesis and adaptive response in plant anatomyPhysiological and ecological differences between C3, C4 and CAM plantsGrowth and development processes during life cycle of plantsPlant hormones: definition and physiological actionsDormance a senescenceAdaptation of plants to abiotic stressesPhysiological basis of plant biodiversity conservation (seed storage and cryopreservation)CvičeníMethods for the determination of photosynthesis rateMethods for the determination of transpiration rateDetermination of water use efficiency (WUE) by plantsDetermination of the content of photosynthetically active pigments in plant leavesDetermination of energy content in plantsMethods for water status determination in plantsMethods of plant growth analysisThe influence of nutrient elements deficiency and other stress factors on plant growthGrowth correlation on germination plants of garden pea and cultivated flaxGrowth correlation between root and stemThe influence of auxins on rooting of various plant speciesAuxin testsExcursionFinal seminary

Získané způsobilosti

Znalosti:Student has advanced knowledge of determination of abiotic and biotic stressors on plants. He/she knows the basic classification of stressors and general patterns of their influence on plant organisms. He/she describes the basic physiological responses of the plants to the stress factors action. He/she knows the biochemical nature and principles of plant defense responses. He/she can analyze and describe the adaptive mechanisms of plants in relation to their ecological requirements. He/she can use conventional and alternative methods to detect biotic and abiotic stressors. He/se can use a broad knowledge of basic visual symptoms to define the degree of damage to the plant organisms and detect subsequent changes in their metabolism, growth and development. He/she has deep knowledge of the ecological requirements of plants and their adaptation mechanisms and can estimate the differences in their behavior in natural and artificial ecosystems.Dovednosti:Student can independently identify and in inventive way distinguish the effect of biotic and abiotic stressors to cultural and wild plants. He/she is able to propose a basic method for reducing the negative impact of stressors on plant organisms. He/she is able to use advanced scientific research methods to detect physiological changes in plants after exposure to stressors. He/she solves independently and creatively complex problems using appropriate theories, concepts and methods of plant stress physiology. Based on the adaptive mechanisms of plants he/she is able to characterize the degree of damage to the ecosystem and interpret the data obtained for phytopathological protection. He/she is able to acquire new information in the field.Kompetence - komunikace:The student is able to operate not only under the leadership, but also in the team. He/she is able to act within their professional knowledge, skills and proficiency in Czech and foreign language, using technical terminology of the subject and related subjects. He/she can clearly and convincingly communicate his/hers own professional opinions to professionals and the wider public.Kompetence - úsudek:Student take his/hers work creatively and with initiative. Student is agile. He/she is able to identify and apply information sources (eg scientific literature, documents, databases, web sites, etc.) and further classify and evaluate the results and conclusions of scientific research in a coherent form in this subject and related subjects and follow-up. He/she is able to plan, promote and guide the work of other team members.

Literatura

ZákladníMohr, H., Schopfer, P. 1995. Plant Physiology. Springer-Verlag. Berlin-New York. 629 p. ISBN 3540580166.Taiz, L., Zeiger, E. 1991. Plant Physiology. Benjamin/Cummings Pub Co. California. 565 p. ISBN 080530245XDoporučenáHay, R., Porter, J. 2006. The Physiology of crop yield. Blackwell Publishing. Oxford. 314 p. ISBN 139781405108591.Larcher, W. 1995. Physiological Plant Ecology. Springer-Verlag. New York. 506 p. ISBN 0387581162.Nilsen, E. T., Orcutt, D. M. 1996. Physiology of Plant under stress - Abiotic factors. John Wiley et. Sons, Inc. New York. 689 p. ISBN 0471035126.Orcutt, D. M., Nilsen, E. T. 2000. The physiology of plant under stress. Soil and Biotic Factors. John Wiley et. Sons, Inc. New York. 420 p. ISBN 0471170089.Raven, H. P., Ray, F. E., Eichhorn, S. E. 2003. Biology of Plants. W. H. Freeman and Company. New York. 944 p. ISBN 1572590416.

Požadavky

None

Garant

doc. Ing. Václav Hejnák, Ph.D.