Předmět Soil and Water Relationship - Mgr. (AIA04E)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Cíl

The course is oriented to the explanation of principal physical processes within the soil - water - plant - atmosphere relationship. The attention is paid to the main rules and equations governing the transport processes in the vadoze zone, their environmental functions. The importance of physical processes for the protection of soil and water is described. Practical applications of the theoretical solutions are explained.

Osnova

PřednáškaSoil and water relationship in general, porosity, soil water contentSoil water content, definition, determination of soil water content IDetermination of soil water content II - neutron probe method, gamma radiation method, remote sensing methodSoil water atmosphere system, adsorption water, adsorption processCapillary water - capillarity, gravitational waterSoil physical properties - water content relationshipSoil water potential, concept and definition, components of the potentialRelationship of the potential versus water content, tensiometer, measurementsSoil water retention curve, hysteresis, analytical expressions of soil water relationship, hydrolimitsFlow of water in soils, Darcy´s law, difference between permeability and saturated hydraulic conductivitySaturated hydraulic conductivity, determination in the lab and in the fieldUnsaturated flow in soilsInfiltration and other transport processes of water in soils, transport of solutes in soilsState of art in Soil and Water RelationshipCvičeníIntroduction; Soil water content definition, calculation, mass and volume water content, water storage, soil bulk density, porosity (calculations) Determination of the soil particle density using water pycnometer method (laboratory) Methods for calibration of indirect methods to determine water content, soil moisture sensor calibration (laboratory)Soil moisture sensor calibration: Evaluation of the results from previous class using method of the least squares (computer room) Adsorption isotherm: using Freundlich and Speransky equations for data fitting (computer room)Capillarity, capillary forces, binding of water in a capillary (easy lab experiment; calculations)Influence of moisture content changes upon soil physical properties: Determination of consistency limits (laboratory)Soil water potential: Total potential and component potentials, tensiometer (calculations)Test for creditation; Retention curve: Practical presentation of devices for soil water potential measurement (in laboratory)Soil water retention curve and pF curve: using van Genuchten analytical equation for data fitting (computer room)Determination of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soils in lab: Constant head and Falling head permeameter (calculatins)Determination of soil unsaturated hydraulic conductivity using the Minidisk InfiltrometerUnsaturated hydraulic conductivity of soils measured by the Minidisk Infiltrometer: Evaluation of resultsAlternative test; creditation; final discussion about seminars; questions and answers

Získané způsobilosti

Znalosti:The student is able to understand the fundamental principles of soil and water behaviours as the behaviours of porous media under a laboratory and field condition. She/he is able to understand and explain the physical processes in vadose zone and the relationship of soil-water atmosphere. She/he largely understands an interaction between the solid, liquid and gaseous phase of soil, understands the theory of the soil and water relationship, knows the soil water potential theory and determination of water content, potential, hydraulic conductivity and other soil hydrophysical properties. She/he understands the soil as a porous complex system. The student could apply the mathematic apparatus to describe hydrostatic and hydrodynamic situation of water in soil. She/he understands the role of transport processes in soils, is able to combine the knowledge and experience obtained during the previous studies of subjects from water and related sciences. Student knows how to implement this knowledge into a decission making process.Dovednosti:The student is able to apply the fundamental principles and methods of hydrophysical parameters of soils determination. She/he is able independently to determined the physical and hydrophysical behaviours of soil and soil water. She/he is capable of a thorough analysis of the adsorpion proces in soils, consistency of soils, potental theory of soil water, retention behaviours of soils and transport phenomena. She/he knows to define problems of hydrostatics and hydrodynamics of soil water and is being able to mathematically describe them and solve them. She/he is able to solve transport processes in soils in relation with other disciplines related to water resources. She/he is able to carry out independently the problems of soil and water relationship including an aplication of simulation modelling and other advanced methods in soil and water relationship.Kompetence - komunikace:The student is able to work independently alone or as a member of team; both under leadership or as a leader. She/he is able to communicate with sufficient knowledge of technical terminology of the subject. She/he is also ready to organize the work of subordinates, work with ordinary workers at different level of responsibility and effectively guide, evaluate and coordinate their activitiesKompetence - úsudek:The student is able to work creatively and progressively. She/he is able to assess, evaluate and apply information resources (literature, documents, databases, web sites, etc.). In arriving at correct solutions, she/he also uses her/his own experience and experience of experts. She/he is able to evaluate critically the obtained results of work.

Literatura

ZákladníHillel, D. 1998. Environmental Soil Physics. Academic Press. San Diego. USA. p. 771. ISBN 0123485258.Marshall, T. J., Holmes, J. W. 1979. Soil Physics. Cambridge Univ. Press. London. p. 345. ISBN 0521226228.DoporučenáKutilek, M., Nielsen, D. R. 1994. Soil Hydrology. Catena Verlag. p. 370. ISBN 3923381263.Behari, J. 2002. Physical Methods of Soil Characterization. Narosa P.H. New Delhi. India. p. 212. ISBN 8173194009.Boulding, J.R., Ginn, J.S. 2004. Soil, Vadose Zone and Ground-water Contamination. Lewis Publishers. p. 691. ISBN 0566706106.Báťková, K., Matula, S., Miháliková, M. 2012. Multimedial Study Guide of Field Hydropedological Measurements [on-line]. English version. Czech University of Life Sciences Prague. Prague, Czech Republic. No pagination. Available at http//hydropedologie.agrobiologie.cz. ISBN 9788021322547.

Požadavky

None

Garant

prof. Ing. Svatopluk Matula, CSc.