Předmět Hydrology and Hydrogeology - Bc. (AIA07E)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Cíl

The main role of the subjects is to study of the subject of hydrogeology. Hydrology part is minimized to necessary themes which support hydrogeology. The most important part of the conent of lectures is hydrogeology, which is dealing with ground water in hydrogeologic structures - rocks below the ground water level. The subject explains the fundamental terms, hydrologic and mainly hydrogeologic conditions in nature, their interactions and role in the hydrologic cycle of water in nature. From hydrology point of view the subject is focused on plain waters, the role of hydrogeology in water protection angainst pollution.

Osnova

PřednáškaHydrology and related disciplinesDrainage basins and their characteristicsPrecipitationThe other quick processes: Interception, depression storage, infiltration, surface runoffStream water stages and discharges, measurement and calculationEvaporationPrecipitation-runoff relationHydrogeology - basic conceptsStatics and dynamics of water in the saturated porous mediumGroundwater in natural rock formationsExamples of hydrogeologically important rocks and rock formationsTransport of matter in groundwaterSurface water - groundwater interactionSpringsCvičeníBasic processing of hydrological data, chronologic and mass curvesDrawing water divide, drainage basin area, topographic indexPrecipitation statistics, drainage basin water balance, river flow rate calculationSharp-crest weirs, gaining or losing riverSeparation of runoff wave components, runoff coefficientsProcessing pan evaporation data, probability of exceedanceMid-semester testStudents' presentationsElevation head, pressure head and hydraulic head in piezometersDrawing hydroisopiezes and estimation of groundwater flow direction and rateHydrogeological structure with aquifers and aquitards, groundwater flow analysis in a vertical sectionGroundwater source pollution, mixing analysisEnd-semester testStudents' presentations

Získané způsobilosti

Znalosti:The student knows the role of water cycle processes; understands the drainage basin concept, precipitation measurement, mechanisms of interception, depression storage, overland flow and infiltration, river stage and flow measurement, various types of evaporation and methods of their measurement/calculation, main flood-controlling factors, the effective precipitation, direct runoff and unit hydrograph concepts; knows typical porosities, compressibilities and hydraulic conductivities of rocks, transmissivities and storativities of aquifers and specific well capacities; understands the effective/neutral stresses and their effects; knows Darcy law and its applications to aquifers and aquitards; understands the hydraulic/elevation/pressure heads, the flux density/average pore velocity difference, the effective porosity and seepage force concepts, water table measurement, principles of hydrodynamic testing; can assess hydrogeological role of rocks and formations; knows spring characteristics; understands mechanisms of transport of matter in groundwater, principles of tracer tests, NAPL behaviour, surface water - groundwater interaction, groundwater regionality and the role of hyporheic zone.Dovednosti:The student is able to: define hydrology and hydrogeology branches and related disciplines, compose a water balance equation and work with it, process hydrological data series, convert units, separate 2 to 3 runoff components in a simple way, draw a water divide on the map, quantify drainage basin characteristics, draw longitudinal or transversal stream profiles, work with hyetographs, isohyets and rain intensity-frequency-duration curves, calculate specific runoff and runoff coefficient, work with discharge-rating curves, calculate steady flow rate in a river and over a weir, estimate evaporation and evapotranspiration using Penman-type equations, estimate a flood using the Curve Number method or the rational formula, define subsurface water, groundwater and their forms, apply Darcy law in 1D cases, calculate and draw profiles of hydraulic head components, define and distinguish between unconfined and confined aquifers, identify interactions among neighbouring formations, distinguish loosing and gaining streams, work with maps of hydroisohypses and isopiestic lines, estimate the groundwater flow direction and interpret flow nets, apply the mixing equation and propose simple groundwater protection measures.Kompetence - komunikace:The student can communicate in Czech using professional terminology. He/she can work under supervision, in a team, or as a leader. Depending on competencies acquired during his/her previous studies, he/she can formulate and present his/her own opinion, interpret and discuss opinions and results of others, communicate information and ideas, specify problems and propose solutions.Kompetence - úsudek:The student can recognise and specify basic hydrological and hydrogeological characteristics of both usual and unknown situations in which he/she may find himself/herself, propose ways of obtaining further information, evaluate and judge these situations and solve the underlying problems with the help of specialists. He/she is able to check and evaluate the work of other persons in the branch.

Literatura

ZákladníDingman, S. L. 2002. Physical Hydrology. 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall. p. 646 ISBN 1577665619.Deming, D. 2002. Introduction to Hydrogeology. McGraw Hill. p. 468. ISBN 0072326220.DoporučenáMatula, S. 2005. Hydrogeology for natural resources and environment. Czech University of Agriculture in Prague. p. 139. ISBN 8021313102.WMO. 1994. Guide to Hydrological Practices. World Meteorological Organization. p. 735. ISBN 9263151687.Anderson, M. G. (ed.-in-chief) 2005. Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences. 2009, John Wiley & Sons. 5 volumes. p. 3243. ISBN 0471491039.

Požadavky

None

Garant

Ing. František Doležal, CSc.