Předmět Crop and Irrigation Systems Management - Mgr. (AIA13E)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Cíl

The content of subject consists of soil hydrological balance, brief review of the FAO methodology on estimating crop water requirements, principles of irrigation management, yield response to water and water economy, scheduling the irrigation, basics of hydraulics realted to the irrigation systems, setting up an irrigation systems, water pumps and energy consumption, irrigation and related drainage, analysing the irrigation systems efficiency, and basic principles on fertigation. The lectures and seminars are oriented to explain of basic principles of irrigation, the individual small irrigation project will be prepared by each student. theoretical part of the lectures is combined with practical design of small irrigation system, using fertigation and managing the whole system.

Osnova

PřednáškaIrrigation - introductionCalculating crop water requirementsScheduling the irrigationBasics of hydraulics related to the irrigationDrip irrigation systems - ComponentsSetting up a drip irrigation system (choosing drippers and lines distribution)Setting up a drip irrigation system (Divisions and its influence on scheduling, pump, power and flow)Irrigation and drainage, their relationshipIrrigation and related basics of the plant nutritionFertigation - system componentsFertigation - the nutritive solutionProject - typical scenarios, supporting lectureProject - evaluation of the student´s projectState of Art of the subjectCvičeníIrrigation methods: Furrows, cablegation, pivot, sprinkler and drip irrigationFAO methodology on calculating the evapotranspiration using CROPWAT (computer room SPS)Calculating irrigation volumes and intervals between irrigation (computer room SPS)Calculating flow, pressure, losses of energy, pump power and efficiency (computer room SPS)Primary pipes, secondary pipes, drip lines, filters, pumps, NPK injectors (computer room SPS)Choosing drippers and making the irrigation lines distribution (computer room SPS)Dividing the irrigation field according to the available irrigation interval (computer room SPS)Available flow and its influence on the pumps power and pipes diameterMineral uptakes and the Liebig's law (computer room SPS)Fertigation systems - fertigation tanks, injectors, compatibility of fertilizers (computer room SPS)Fertigation - creating the nutritive solution: pH, EC, nutritive relation, efficiency (computer room SPS)Project - Choosing the charts, crops, climate, identifying problems (computer room SPS)Project - Choosing the charts, crops, climate, identifying problems - evaluation of the projectClosing the tutorials - test

Získané způsobilosti

Znalosti:The student is able to understand the fundamental principles of hydraulics dimensioning. He/she is able to understand the processes of soil hydrologic balance, evapotranspiration and water requirements by the crop. He/she knows the common problems that can affect the irrigation systems regular operation. He/she understands the role of weather, soil and crop information for water management decisions in different scenarios and different irrigation systems in order to maximize the use of water as a limited resource. He/she understands the fundamental principles of fertigation and knows how to minimize its risks and maximize its benefits both for the plants and for the environment and how to use this technique in an educated and sustainable way.Dovednosti:The student is able to apply the fundamental principles of hydraulics dimensioning to any set of irrigation system components independently of the particular irrigation technology. He/she is capable of a thorough analysis of the irrigation system, identifying problems and being able to mathematically describe them and solve them and to apply necessary changes in order to optimize the system. He/she is able to use weather, soil and crop information in order to implement good water management for different scenarios and different irrigation systems. He/she is able carry out fertigation with the existing irrigation system in a way that is safe both for the crop and the environment.Kompetence - komunikace:The student can operate both under leadership and in a team. He/she is able to communicate in English with efficient use of specialized terminology of the subject. He/she is also ready to organize the work of subordinates, work with ordinary people and effectively evaluate and coordinate their actions.Kompetence - úsudek:The students are able to work creatively and progressively. The students are able to assess, evaluate and apply information resources (literature, documents, databases, web sites, etc.). In arriving at correct solutions, they also use their own experience and experience of experts.

Literatura

ZákladníAllen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., Smith, M. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements - FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56. FAO. Roma. p.328.Moreira Barradas, J. M., Matula, S., Dolezal, F., 2012. A Decision Support System-Fertigation Simulator (DSS-FS) for design and optimization of sprinkler and drip irrigation systems. Compututers and Electronics in Agriculture. Vol 86. 111-119.Walker, W.R. 1989. Guidelines for designing and evaluating surface irrigation systems. FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 45. FAO. Roma. p.137.DoporučenáDirksen, Ch. 1999. Soil Physics Measurements. Catena Verlag. Germany. p. 154. ISBN 3923381433.Bresler, E. 1977. Trickle drip irrigation principles and application to soil water management. Advances in Agronomy. Volume 29. University of Delaware. Newark. 343-393.Jurinak, J. J. 1990. The chemistry of salt affected soils and waters. In Tanji, K. K. (ed.). Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management. ASCE. New York. NY. p. 262-304. ISBN 0872627624.

Požadavky

None

Garant

prof. Ing. Svatopluk Matula, CSc.