Předmět Ethnological Examples of the Use of Space by Rural Communities in the Near East (PAPVB_27)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Cíl

The course aims to promote a bottom-up approach to spatial interpretations in Near Eastern prehistoric archaeology. Instead of simply forcing alien spatial layouts/patterns onto the worked site („objectified“, „top-down“) an approach is favored that takes as its base: the immediate landscape perception of the excavator proper (sensory approach).At the core of it is: the observation. It is assumed that the specific (extended) learning process – that is essentially observations - sets in motion „grounded“ insights and that those in turn lead to the formulation of spatial models that have never before been embraced (= inductive principle). The gained spatial organization concepts are locally-rooted, and, for that reason, may provide the archaeological researcher with slightly better analogies concerning the use of the tell landscape.The presentation of observations centers on the relations of humans: tell environment and works its way from the tell surfaces & reliefs, the location of raw materials, to the behavioral level: to the use of the terrain for habitation, productive and pragmatic social purposes. The result should be greater awareness of the fascinating & diversified aspects of „life on the tell“ in Upper Mesopotamia.As a conscious effort ground the sensory way of exploring spatial practice at tells and trench digging special emphasis is laid on (1) showing the usage of the sensory method in actual coping with a difficult tell-site (Tell Arbid Abyad) and (2) on the proper recognition of the imprint of the processes of clay house decomposition in the architectural remains and debris observed in the ruins of Lower Tell Arbid.

Osnova

Part I - ‘Sensory Archaeology’ & Spatial Interpretation1. Intro: The Tell Landscape2. The Classical Tell Definition Reconsidered3. A New Look at the Assumed Function of Tells (Flood Avoidance)3.1. ‘A Tell’s Drowning’ - Observations during a seasonal rain shower in Oct. 2008.3.2. The Tell-Wadi Symbiosis Reconsidered3.3. Tell Arbid Abyad (TAA) & Wadi Arbid Abyad (AA) – Application of the Drainage-based Interpretation Model4. Evidence of a Tell Deposition Reduction Practice at the Prehistoric Tell Site TAA5. Challenging the Common Concept of Permanent Tells - Small Seasonal TellsPart II - ‘Sensory Archaeology’ & Prehistoric Tell Excavation Technique6. Tell Digging Practices: Classical Tell Digging vs. Prehistoric Tell Digging6.1. Classical Tell Digging (‘Register Method’)6.2. Prehistoric Tell Digging (‘Inquisitive Method’)6.3. Special Problems of Preparation & Digging at TAA6.4. The ‘Sensory Digging’ Technique in Use at TAAPart III – ‘Sensory Archaeology’ & Mud House Taphonomy7. Tell Arbid (TA) Spatial Organization8. Producing Mud Houses9. Looks & Functions of TA Mud Houses10. Observations on the Surface Traces of Clay Wear: A Field Archaeological Tool Kit11. Observations on the Alternative Use of Recent Mud House Ruins at TA12. Observations on the Taphonomical Process of Recent TA Mud Houses13. Epilogue

Literatura

M. D. L BALOI. 1996. Archaeology and Mud Wall Decay in the Bobirwa Area: AnDavid NICHOLAS & Carol KRAMER. 2006. Ethnoarchaeology in Action. Cambridge: University Press.Karin PUETT. 2005. Zelte, Kupplen und Hallenhaeuser : Wohnen und Bauen im laendlichen Syrien.Arlene M. ROSEN. 1986. Cities of Clay: The Geoarchaeology of Tells. Chicago: University Press.

Garant

prof. PhDr. Zdeněk Měřínský, CSc.

Vyučující

Dr. phil. Maximilian Wilding