Předmět ON WAR II. (JPM600)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Cíl

 ON WAR II freely follows up on the course ON WAR I. It covers military issues after the 1st WW. The course debates the role of technological development on the strategic, operational and tactical levels. We will debate, among others, (i) effects of nuclear weapons, (ii) putative effects of the RMA on the battlefield activity and (iii) the small wars as (not so?) new kind of war.While the On WAR I. is focused rather on broader implications of war(fare) or on stratigic level of military operations, the course On War II is much more oriented toward operational and tactical level of war. In other words, we will focus on the issues directly connected with war fighting and affecting effectivy of military operations. Having said this, it does not however mean that we would not debate broader implications of war(fare) affecting for example conduct of international politics or state building. At the end of the semester students should be able to understand basic patterns present in modern wars and modern warfare (at the tactical, operational and strategic level). Students should be able to analyze the significance of recent (and some probable future) technological changes for the conduct of war. They should be able to analyze current conflicts and develop broader understanding of military tactics and operational arts, which has important implications for come IR theories (namely neo-realism).

Sylabus

 ON WAR II. (2nd semester) 1) Organization, deadlines, demands and a brief outline of the course. 2)         WWII - strategic level            a) Absolute war         b) War crimes, extermination of nations (Goldhagen 1996)         c) Strategic issues (natural resources, alliances, etc.)         d) Strategic role of air power (Pape 1996)         e) Strategic role of sea power (Mearsheimer 2001)         f) Strategic dominance of land power (ibid) 3)         WWII Tactical and operational level            a) Close air support            b) Vertical outflank            c) Tanks - from a strategic offensive weapon to a tactical defensive supplement 4)         Examples            a) France1940            b) Kursk1943            c) Normandy 1944 (op. Goodwood) (Biddle 2004) 5)         Chips, planes and Rockets            a) PGM and its influence (Mearsheimer 1983)         b) Close air support - its effectiveness in attack and defense (Posen 2000, Biddle 2004)         c) Air campaign as a regime broker (Press 2009)           6)         Nuclear Weapons            a) Strategic - MAD: the end of great power war forever? (Mearsheimer 2001)            b) Tactical - nuclear battlefield: (counterfactual analyses) (Kirby, Goodwin 2008) 7)         Cases            a) Yom Kippur 1973 (Mearsheimer 1983)            b) Counterfactual war in central Europe(Mearsheimer 1983)            c)Falklands 8)         RMA - myth or reality?            a) Basic arguments (Krepinevich 1994)            b) Desert Storm (Biddle 1996 and reactions)            c) Iraq 2003 (Biddle 2007)            9)         Asymmetric wars - really so different wars?            a) Basic arguments                b) Vietnam (orAngola)            c) Afghanistan(Enduring Freedom) (Biddle 2004)            d) Lebanon 2006 (Biddle, Friedman 2008)  10)       Tactical and operational innovations on the battlefield            a) Horizontal (Foley 2012)            b) Top-down (Posen 1986)            c) Organizational theory (Farrell 2008) 11)       Economic globalization and arms industry (Brooks 2005, Horowitz 2010)            a) Basic arguments            b) Different effects on different states?           12)      The Final Debate: The Czech Republic and her army - how should it look in 2020-2030?            a) Strategic environment            b) Threats            c) Ambitions and goals            d) Economic and population base            e) Alternative structures, budgets, equipments and abilities

Literatura

Key literature:ANDRESKI, S. (1954): Military Organization and Society.UniversityofCaliforna Press,Berkeley,Los Angeles, 238 s.BIDDLE, S., FRIEDMAN, J. (2008): The 2006LebanonCampaign and the Future of Warfare: Implications for Army and Defense Policy.United StatesArmyWarCollege,Carlisle, 90 s.BIDDLE, S. (2007): Strategy in War, Political Science & Politics. 40, č. 3, s. 461-456.BIDDLE, S. (2004): Military Power, Explaining Victory and Defeat in ModernBattle.PrincetonUniversityPress,Princeton, 337 s.BIDDLE, S. (1997): Victory misunderstood, What the Gulf War tells us about the future ofconflict. International Security, 21, č. 2, s. 139-179.BIDDLE, S., ZIRCKLE, R. (1996): Technology, Civil-Military Relations, and War-fare in theDeveloping World. Journal of Strategic Studies, 19, č. 2, s. 171-212.BROOKS, S. (2005): Producing Security.PrincetonUniversityPress,Princeton, 316 s.CEDERMAN, L., WARREN, C., SORNETTE, D. (2011): Testing Clausewitz: Nationalism,Mass Mobilization, and the Severity of War. International Organization, 65, č. 4, s. 605-638.CLAUSEWITZ, C. (2008): O válce. Academia, Praha, 749 s.DESCH, M. (1996): War andStrongStates, Peace andWeakStates? International Organization, 50, č. 2, s. 237-268.DEUDNEY, D. (2007): A Republic for Expansion: The Roman Constitution and Empire andBalance-of-Power Theory. In: Kaufman, S., Little R., Wohlforth, W. (eds.): The Balance ofPower in World History,Palgrave,New York, s. 148-175.ECKSTEIN, A. (2006): Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise ofRome.UniversityofCaliforniaPress, Berkeley, 394 s.EVANS, M. (2004):ContinentalSchoolof Strategy. Land Warfare Studies Centre, Studypaper no. 305,Canberra, 173 s.FARRELL, T. (2008): The Dynamics of British Military Transformation. International Affairs, vol. 84, no. 4, 777-808.Foley, R. (2012): A Case Study in Horizontal Military Innovation: The German Army, 1916-1918. Journal of Strategic Studies, DOI:10.1080/01402390.2012.669737, 29 s.GILPIN, R. (1981): War and Change in World Politics.Cambridge,CambridgeUniversityPress, 272 s.GOLDHAGEN, D. (1996): Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. Vintage, 656 s.GRAY, C. (1999): Inescapable Geography. In: Sloan, G., Gray, C. (eds.): Geopolitics, Geography and Strategy. Frank Kass,London, s. 161-178.HANSON, V. (1988): TheWestern Wayof War.UniversityofCaliforniaPress, Berkeley, 320 s.HANSON, V. (2006): A War Like No Other: How the Athenians and Spartans Fought thePeloponnesian War. Random House,New York, 416 s.HOROWITZ, M. (2010): The Difusion of Military Power.PrincetonUniversityPress,Princeton, 273 p.HOWARD (1977): War in Euroepean History.OxfordUniversityPress,London, 192 p.Kadercan, B. (2012): Military Competition and the Emergence of Nationalism: Putting the Logic of Political Survival into Historical Context. International Studies Review, 14 č.3, s. 401-428.KAUFMAN, S., WOHLFORTH, W. (2007): Balancing and Balancing Failure in Biblical Times: Assyria and the Ancient Middle Eastern System, 900-600 BCE, In: Kaufman, S., Little R., Wohlforth, W. (eds.): The Balance of Power in World History,Palgrave,New York, s. 47-70.KEEGAN, J. (2004): Historie válečnictví. Beta, Praha, 364 s.KIRBY, M., GOODWIN, M. (2008): Operational Research as Counterfactual History: A Retrospective Analysis of the Use of Battlefield Nuclear Weapons in the German Invasion ofFranceandFlanders, May-June 1940. Journal of Strategic Studies, 31, č. 4, s. 633-660.KOBER, A. (2008): TheIsraelDefense Forces in the SecondLebanonWar: Why the PoorPerformance? Journal of Strategic Studies, 31, č. 1, s. 3-40.KREPINEVICH, A. (1994): Cavalry to Computer; the Pattern of Military Revolutions. TheNational Interst, 37, fall 1994, s. 30-42.MANDELBAUM, M. (1998): Is Major War Obsolete? Survival, 40, č. 4, s. 20-38.MEARSHEIMER, J. (2001): Tragedy of Great Power Politics. Norton & company, New York,  555 s.MEARSHEIMER, J. (1983): Conventional Detterence.CornellUniversityPress,New York,296 s.OVERY, R. (1998):Russia’s War. Penguin,New York, 432 s.PAPE, R. (1996): Bombing to Win.CornellUniversityPress, 366 s.POSEN, B. (1985): The Sources of Military Doctrine:France,Britain, andGermanyBetween the World Wars.CornellUniversityPress,Ithaca, 288 p.POSEN, B. (1993): Nationalism, the Mass Army, and Military Power. International security,18, č. 2, s. 80-124.POSEN, B. (2000): The War for Kosovo:Serbia’s Political-Military Strategy. InternationalSecurity, 24, č. 4, s. 39-84.POSEN, B. (2003): Command of the Commons, International Security, 28, č. 1, s. 5-46.PRESS, D. (2001): The Myth of Air Power in the Persian Gulf War and the Future of Warfare. International Security, 26, č. 2, s. 5-44.Rommel, E. (1937 [2011]): Attacks. Athena Pr., 325 pp.SHAMIR, E. (2010): The Long andWinding Road: TheUSArmy Managerial Approachto Command and the Adoption ofMissionCommand (Auftragstaktik). The Journal ofStrategic Studies, 33, č. 5, s. 645-672.SHEVE, D., STASAVAGE, D. (2010): Conscription of Wealth. International Organization,64, č. 4, s. 529-561.STRACHAN, H. (2005): The Lost Meaning of Strategy. Survival, 47, č. 3, s. 33-54.TALIAFERRO, J. (2006):StateBuildingfor Future War: Neoclassical Realism and theResourceExtractiveState. Security Studies, 15, č. 3, s. 464-495.TAYLOR, B., BOTEA, R. (2008): Tilly Tally: War-Making and State-Making in the ContemporaryThird World. International Studies Review, 10, s. 27-56.TILLY, C. (1985): War Making and State Making as Organized Crime, In: Evans, P., Reuscheymer, D., Skocpol, T. (eds.): Bringing the State Back in.CambridgeUniversityPress,Cambridge, s. 169-187.TIN-BOR HUI, V. (2005): War and State Formation in AncientChinaand Early ModernEurope.CambridgeUniversityPress,Cambridge, 294 s.THIES, C. (2005): War, Rivalry, andStateBuildinginLatin America. American Journal ofPolitical Science, 49, č. 3, s. 451-465.THIES, C. (2009): National Design andStateBuildingin Sub-SaharanAfrica. World Politics, 61, č. 4, s. 623-669.WALTZ, K. (1959 [2001]): Man, the State and War, a Theoretical Analysis.University of California Press,New York, 263 s.

Požadavky

Assessment:  20 % in class activity, 50 % final paper (15-20 pgs.), 15 % take home assignment (One practical problem to solve), 15 % a short critical presentation of an article (or a book) dealing with the issue of modern war(fare). Take home asigment - prepare a short written report (2-3 pages) offering a solution to a selected problem.Presentation - prepare a presentation lasting 10-12 minutes. You should deliver a clear message regarding the usefulnes or scholarly value of a selected book/article.

Garant

RNDr. Jan Kofroň, Ph.D.