Předmět Histologie a embryologie 1 (B81131)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Literatura

Recommended Literature:Mescher, A.L.: Junqueira´s Basic Histology, Lange, 2010Ross,M.H. - Pawlina,W.: Histology: Text and Atlas , Williams and Wilkins, 2006, 2011Junqueira,L.C. - Carneiro,J.: Basic Histology: A Text and Atlas, Lange, 2005Kuehnel,W.: Pocket Atlas of Cytology, Histology and Microscopic Anatomy, Thieme Publishing Group, 2003 - also available at http://uvi.lf1.cuni.cz/en/thieme-electronic-book-library

Požadavky

DENTISTRY - REQUESTED KNOWLEDGE  (exam questions) Cytology. TissuesPreparation of tissues for microscopic examinationStructural organization of the cellCell membrane, structure and functionCell organelles, structure and functionIntercellular junctions, cell surface specializationsCell cycle, mitosis and meiosisEpithelial tissue, overview of the structure and function, classificationSecretory epithelium (endocrine, exocrine - types of secretion)                             Sensory epithelium - structure and function. MyoepitheliumConnective tissue - general structure and functionExtracellular matrix - ground substance and fibersConnective tissue proper (structure and distribution, cells and their function)Basic structure of the cartilage. Hyaline and elastic cartilagesBasic structure of the bone. Fibrillar and lamellar bonesIntramembranous ossificationEndochondral ossificationComposition of the peripheral bloodErythrocytes, structure and functionLeukocytes - classification, structure and function. LeukogramThrombocytes - development, structure and functionLymphocytes, humoral and cellular immunityMonocytes, mononuclear phagocyte systemErythropoiesisLeukopoiesisSmooth muscle, structure and mechanism of contractionStructure of skeletal muscle. Ultrastructure and function of myofibrilStructure of cardiac muscleGeneral structure of the nerve tissue. Glial cellsNeuron - structure and types of neurons. SynapsesTypes of nerve fibers and their sheaths. Formation of the myelin sheath Microscopical Anatomy (Special Histology)General structure of blood vessels, types of vessels and their functionStructure and function of the lymphoid organs (thymus, lymph node, spleen)Hypothalamo-hypophyseal system, neurohumoral regulationHypophysis - structure and functionThyroid and adrenal glands - structure and functionSalivary glands - classification, structure and function. SalivaParotid, submandibular and sublingual glandsGeneral structure of the oral mucosaTongue. Lingual papillae and glands. Taste budsTonsils - structure and function. Waldayer’s ring               Tooth - general structureEnamel - microscopical structure, amelogenesisDentine - microscopic structure, dentinogenesisCementum - structure and cementogenesis. Alveolar bonePeriodontal ligament. Gingiva, epithelial attachment        Esophagus. General structure of the wall of the alimentary tubeStomach, structural specialization of the mucosaSmall and large intestines, structural specialization and functionLiver - structure and function, blood circulationMucous layer of the respiratory ways (nasal cavities, larynx, trachea and bronchi)            Lung, structure and function. Respiratory portion and blood-air barrierKidney. Nephron - structural and functional specialization of its partsExcretory urinary passagesTestis, spermatogenesisOvary, oogenesisUterus, menstrual cycleGeneral structure of the skin, glands and hair                                Brain cortex, blood-brain barrier. CerebellumEye - general structure. RetinaInner ear, structure and function EmbryologyFertilization, cleavage and early development of the blastocystBlastocyst and its implantation. Anomalies of implantation, ectopic pregnancyDevelopment of the amnion, yolk sac, chorion and embryonic discDevelopment of germ layers, formation of notochord, differentiation of the mesodermDevelopment of the primitive cardiovascular systemHeart development. Aortic arches and their derivativesFetal blood circulationDevelopment of the umbilical cord and placenta. Anomalies of umbilical cord and placentaPlacenta - structure and function. Fetal membranesPrimitive gut and its developmentDevelopment of the embryonic pharynx. Pharyngeal clefts and pouchesThe foregut, development of the stomach, duodenum, liver and pancreasDevelopment of the midgut loop (herniation, rotation, retraction and fixation of the intestine)Development of the hingut. Cloaca and its differentiationDevelopment of the respiratory systemDevelopment of the urinary systemDevelopment of the gonadsMesonephric and paramesonephric ducts and their development in both sexesNeuroectoderm and its differentiation. Histogenesis of the neural tubeDevelopment of the spinal cord and brain vesiclesDevelopment of the eyeDevelopment of the earSomites and their relationship to the development of skeletal muscles. Limb developmentDevelopment of the axial skeleton. Skull and vertebral columnStomodeum, development of the oral and nasal cavities. Development of the palate.Development of the tongue and thyroid gland. Development anomaliesDevelopment of teeth. Anomalies of the tooth developmentDevelopment of the faceClefts of lip, jaw and palate. Mechanism of their development, classificationBranchial arches and their differentiation DENTISTRY - REQUESTED KNOWLEDGE  (list of preparations)GENERAL HISTOLOGYA1       Irregular dense connective tissue (dermis), AZANA4       Mast cells (rat mesentery), alcian blue, nuclear redA5       Tendon (regular dense connective tissue), HEA6       Adipose tissue, HEA8       Hyaline cartilage, HEA10     Elastic cartilage, orcein + alum hematoxylinA12     Endochondral ossification, HEA14     Intramembranous ossification, HEA15     Lamellar compact bone, HEA16     Lamellar spongy bone, HEA17     Smooth muscle, HEA18     Skeletal muscle, HE (A19 - Heidenhain´s method)A20     Cardiac muscle, HE MICROSCOPICAL ANATOMYCirculatory system:F1        Heart, ventricular wall, HE, trichromeF2/3     Large elastic artery (aorta), cross section, HE, orceinF5        Neuromuscular bundle (muscular arteries, vein and nerve)            Weigert van Gieson´s method + resorcinfuchsinF6        Large vein (vena cava inferior, muscular type), HE, green trichrome Lymphoid system:G1       Lymph node, HEG2       Spleen, HE, trichrome (G3 - silver impregnation)G4       Thymus of the child, HE Endocrine system:E1       Pituitary, HEE2       Thyroid, HEE4       Suprarenal gland, HEE5       Islets of Langerhans, HE Digestive system:B1       Lip, HE, trichromeB2       Tooth, HEB3       Tongue, anterior part of the body, HE, trichromeB4       Tongue, root, HE, trichromeB5       Palatine tonsil, HEB6       Parotid gland, HEB7       Submandibular gland, HE, alcian blue + nuclear redB8       Sublingual gland, HE, alcian blue + nuclear red Digestive system:B9       Pancreas, HEB10     Esophagus, HE, trichrome, Heidenhain´s  hematoxylinB12     Stomach - fundus, HE, trichromeB15     Jejunum, HEB16     Large intestine, HE, trichromeB17     Appendix , HEB18     Liver, HE, trichrome Respiratory system:D1       Epiglottis, HED2       Larynx, HE, trichromeD3       Trachea, HE, trichromeD4       Lung, HE, orcein + alum hematoxylin Urinary system:C1       Kidney, HEC3       Ureter, HEC4       Urinary bladder, HE, trichrome Male reproductive system:C6       Testis, HEC7       Epididymis, HEC10     Prostate, HE, trichrome, Heidenhain´s hematoxylin Female reproductive system:C11     Ovary, HE, trichromeC13     Uterine tube, HE, trichromeC14     Uterus, body, HEC16     Vagina, HE, trichrome Skin:H1       Thick skin (palm), HEH2       Thin hairy skin, HE Nervous system:L2       Brain, Nissl´s methodL3       Cerebellum, HEL4       Cerebellum, silver impregnationL5       Spinal cord, HEL8       Peripheral nerve, cross section, HE, Luxol blue + nuclear red Sensory organs:S1        Eye, anterior segment. HES4        Eyelid, HE Embryology:X3       Placenta, HEX4       Umbilical cord, HEX5       Development of the tooth

Garant

doc. MUDr. Tomáš Kučera, PhD.