Předmět Mikrobiologie (EA0905510)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Sylabus

Microbiology, DENTISTRY - Syllabus Lectures, Clinical microbiology: 1.      Introduction, history of clinical microbiology, evolution of microbes, bacterial genetics (viruses, bacteria, parasites, mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer - transformation, transduction, conjugation, specific genetic elements - insertion sequences, transposons, integrons, etc.)  2.      Principles of general microbiology, factors responsible for virulence, pathogenesis of infectious diseases (structure of virus, virus living cycle, basic knowledge of immunity response, barriers, bacterial toxins, adhesins, mechanisms of escape against immunity, etc.)3.      Review of clinically important  G+ bacteria with special focus on oral cavity (characteristics, factors responsible for virulence, diseases, diagnostics, epidemiology, antibiotic therapy; Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp., etc.)4.      Review of clinically important  G- bacteria with special focus on oral cavity (characteristics, factors responsible for virulence, diseases, diagnostics, epidemiology, antibiotic therapy; Neisseria spp., Haemophilus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio spp., Campylobacter spp., Helicobacter spp., Pseudomonas and other non-fermenting rods, Legionella spp.)5.      Review of clinically important  bacteria (characteristics, factors responsible for virulence, diseases, diagnostics, epidemiology, antibiotic therapy; Mycobacterium spp., Nocardia spp., Actinomyces spp., Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., anaerobic bacteria - review of the most important species, e.g. Clostridium difficile, C. perfringens, C. tetani, C. botulinum, Peptostreptococcus spp., Fusobacterium spp.)6.      Review of clinically important parasites 1 (physiology of parasite, living cycle, vectors, diseases, diagnostics, treatment; protozoology, Trypanosoma spp., Leishmania spp., Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia intestinalis, Entamobea histolytica, Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Balantidium coli, Cryptosporidium parvum)7.      Review of clinically important parasites 2 (physiology of parasite, living cycle, vectors, diseases, diagnostics, treatment; helminthology, medical entomology, Fascilopsis buski, Paragonimus westermani, Clonorchis sinensis, Schistosoma, spp., Taenia spp., Echinococcus spp., Hymenolepis nana, Nematodes)8.      Review of clinically important fungi with special focus on oral cavity (characteristics, factors responsible for virulence, diseases, diagnostics, epidemiology, therapy; Candida spp., Craptococcus spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., dermatomycoses, Hystoplasma spp., Pneumocystis jirovecii)9.      Antibiotics (basic groups of antibiotics, mechanism of action, molecules; beta-lactams, glycopeptides, polymyxins, amynoglykosides, quinolones, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, etc.)10.  Mechanisms and epidemiology of antibiotic resistance (mechanisms of bacterial resistence, clonal spread of resistant bacteria, horizontal transfer of genes - mobilisation of genes, mobile genetic elements, integrons, co-resistnace, cross-resistance)  11.  Hospital-acquired infections (definition, examples of the most important pathogens, resistence bacteria as a causative agents of hospital-acquired infections - MRSA, VRE, resistant Gram-negative rods - production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, carbapenemases)12.  Review of viral diseases 1 (structure of virus, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnostics, prevention, therapy; papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses, adenovirus, herpesviruses, poxviruses, picornaviruses, coronaviruses,  paramyxoviruses, influenza virus, rhabdoviruses, filoviruses, reoviruses, togaviruses and flaviviruses, togaviruses, bunyaviridae) 13.  Review of viral diseases  2 (structure of virus, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnostics, prevention, therapy; retroviruses - HIV, hepatitis viruses)14.  Oral microbiology  Microbiology exercises for dental medicine  1) Introduction - safety, classification of microbes, characterization of main groups of microbes2) Microscopy I. - Gram stain, bacterial morphology3) Microscopy II. - Acid-fast stain, negative stain, slides of clinical specimens, host cells identification4) Cultivation I. - specimens collection, processing and storage, culture media characteristics5) Cultivation II. - seeding of culture media, characteristics of  microbial growth, biochemical testst6) Immunological methods - principles of direct and indirect immunological methods, main assays, its characteristics, application and limits in diagnostics7) Laboratory diagnosis of viruses - specific diagnostic methods in virology, diagnostic strategies, collection of specimens, causative agent detection and identification8) Laboratory diagnosis  of parasites  -  coprology - methods of concentration, blood smears, diagnostic strategies, collection of specimens, causative agent detection and identification: Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba sp., Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium sp., Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Taenia saginata, Toxocara sp.9) Laboratory diagnosis of fungi - Specific diagnostic methods in mycology, diagnostic strategies, collection of specimens, causative agent detection and identification: Candida albicans, Candida sp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Trichophyton sp.10) Normal microflora, microbiology of oral cavity - normal microflora on culture media and microscopy slides, primocultures of various sites with fyziological colonization, microscopy of dental plaque11) Laboratory diagnosis of skin infections, sexually transmited diseases -diagnostic strategies,  collection of specimens, causative agent  detection and identification: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, diagnostic methods of bacterial STD: Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis12) Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory tract and CNS infections - diagnostic strategies,  collection of specimens, causative agent  detection and identification: Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumonie, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis,  Neisseria meningitides13) Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal and urinary tract infections - diagnostic strategies,  collection of specimens, causative agent  detection and identification: Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholera, Campylobacter jejuni, Helicobacter pylori, Proteus sp., Klebsiella sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterococcus sp.     

Garant

RNDr. Karel Fajfrlík, Ph.D.

Vyučující

RNDr. Karel Fajfrlík, Ph.D.doc.Ing. Jaroslav Hrabák, PhD.RNDr. Karel Martínek, Ph.D.