Předmět Pathological Physiology 1 (PFY / ZAB11)

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Materiál	Typ	Datum	Počet stažení

Obsah

HIV infection. AIDS. The present knowledge of etiology, pathogenesis and pathophysiological basis of the main symptoms of AIDS. Manifestation of HIV in association with oral lesions. Pathophysiology of cancerogenesis. Mechanisms of cell proliferation, invasive growth, metastases. Pathophysiological aspects of tumour symptoms, severe complications. Tumour markers. Representative chapters in pathophysiology of oral, mouth and dental diseases. Changes in the mouth associated with disturbances of nutrition, inflammatory processes, tumours and manifestation of generalised diseases. Changes associated with ageing. Salivary gland diseases. Lymphadenopathy. Pathophysiological basis of parodontopathies and caries of the tooth. Representative chapters in pathophysiology of digestive tract. The most significant disturbances of esophagus and stomach in population. Ulcerative disease.Overview of pathophysiological characteristics of malabsorption diseases. Main topics in pathophysiology of liver and pancreas. Liver failure,liver cirrhosis, ascites. Disturbances of exogenic pancreatic functions. Main topics in pathophysiology of kidney diseases. Acute and chronic kidney failure. Main pathophysiological aspects of glomerular and tubulo - intersticial disturbances affecting tissue metabolism of oral cavity. Disturbances of ions and water balance. Main control mechanisms for keeping water, ions and osmotic balance regulation between body compartments. Significance, symptoms and manifestation in human behaviour. Principles of the repare. Disturbances of fats metabolism as the most frequent and serious civilisation risc factor of heart and vessel diseases. Obesity as a civilisation disease. Pathophysiological aspects of etiology, development, prevention and therapy. Pathogenetic aspects of modern diabetology. Types of diabetes, genetic predisposition and role of enviromental factors. Autoimmune features of diabetes type I. Basis of inzulin-resistention and diabetes type II. Representative chapters in pathophysiology of endocrine system. Pathophysiological aspects of disturbances and diseases of endocrine glands from the point of modern knowledge of their role in regulation of homeostasis, their significance in defence processes and immune reactions. Stress and general adaptation syndrome. Stressors, eustress, distress. Adaptation syndrome. Iatrogenic influences in stomatological practice. Main topics in pathophysiology of nervous system aiming to brain nerves. Pathophysiological aspects of the most frequent diseases and disturbances of peripheral and central nervous system. Disturbances of neurotransmitters and receptors. Disturbances of promotion circulation of brain, strokes, brain oedema. Representative topics of pathophysiology of nervous system. Pathophysiological aspects of cramp attacks. Epilepsy. Disturbances of speech functions, dysarthry. Disturbances of memory and consciousness. Main civilisation neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer disease, Parkinsonism, Lewy body disease).

Získané způsobilosti

The subject introduces a student into a complex dynamic role and mutual interplay of both external (environmental) and internal (genetic) factors in the origin and development of diseases. Based on the definition of risk factors, the subject lays emphasis on the key role of the civilization risk factors and analyses the major civilization disorders as a consequence of the conflict between environmental cues and inherited dispositions. In particular, the student gets knowledge about etiopathogenesis of diseases and learns the basis for practical therapeutic and preventive measures

Literatura

http://portal.lf1.cuni.czhttp://portal.med.muni.cz/www.mefanet.czHall, J. E. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Saunders, 2010. ISBN 978-1416045748.Harrison, T. R., Braunwald, E. Harrison´s Principles of Internal Medicine. McGraw - Hill 2001, USA, 2001. ISBN 079136869.http://pfyziollfup.upol.cz/castwiki2.

Požadavky

1) Successful attendance of the exercises is expected (one absence excused without necessity to supply it). Letter of apology is necessary in the case of another absence(s). No more than three absences can be excused by the Department. The students may substitute their absence(s) in week 15 of the semester.2) Sufficient knowledge of anatomy, biochemistry, and physiology as well as adequate activity and interaction in discussions during the exercises is required. Passivity can be assessed by a teacher as an absence of the student in the exercise.3) Achieving of at least 70% mean value of the maximum score attainable in the four tests. 4) In the case of mean scoring less than 70%, the students will undergo a final credit test in the week 15 of the semester. The limit is 70% of the maximum score attainable in this test.5) In the case of scoring between 55%-69% of the maximum in the final credit test, the student may undergo an oral interview in a date offered by the Department. 6) In the case of scoring less than 55% of the maximum in the final credit test, or in the case of falling in the oral interview, there is possibility for the student to ask, in a written form, the head of the Department for an extra re-examination.

Garant

prof. MUDr. Martin Petřek, CSc.

Vyučující

prof. MUDr. Martin Petřek, CSc.MUDr. Iveta Poljaková, Ph.D.MUDr. Dagmar Riegrová, CSc.MUDr. Dagmar Riegrová, CSc.