8) History of Great Britain II. - Jacobite Raising
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8. History of Great Britain II.
GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
The Jacobites were a group of mostly Scottish people in the late 17th and 18th century, who believed that the
Catholic James VII of Scotland (James II of England) and his Stuart descendants should be restored to the throne
of Scotland and England.
The widely unpopular James had been deposed by the Protestant thinking Parliament in the Glorious Revolution
of 1688, and he was then forced into exile. His Protestant daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange
took the throne and put Britain back into Protestant rule.
If you want to simplify things, you could think of it as Catholics versus Protestants, or the Scots versus the
English, which is probably what it meant for a lot of people at the time.
1715 RAISING
After James VII (or II) died in 1701, his son, James Francis Edward (known in England as The Old Pretender)
gained the Jacobite’s support. As a result of that there was the 1715 rising. James was corresponding with the
Earl of Mar and then called on him to raise the clans. Earl of Mar summoned the clan leaders and together they
proclaimed James the rightful king and raised the old Scottish standard. They were successful for a while but in
the end they lost at the Battle of Preston. King James “The Old Pretender” fled back to France.
1745 RAISING AND BONNIE PRINCE CHARLIE
After that there was Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Charlie to the Scots, The Young Pretender to the
English) was James VII and II’s Catholic grandson. Despite being born and brought up in Rome, he believed the
English and Scottish thrones were his birthright, and the Jacobites agreed.
In 1745 Charles attempted to raise an army in the West Highlands to defeat the Hanoverian George II, and