1) System of government in GB
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5. System of government in GB
constitutional monarchy (the power is limited by constitution – they don’t have a written constitution)
parliamentary democracy
queen Elisabeth II.
3 branches – executive, legislative, judicial
LEGISLATIVE
Parliament – House of Lords (upper chamber) and House of Commons (lower chamber), seat in Palace
of Westminster
o House of Lords
members are not elected
they are “born” to the house
no salary
they may delay laws or change them (than it goes back, if they agree queen signs it)
3 types of people in the House of Lords
Lords spiritual (bishops and arcibishops of the english church) – 26 members
Lords temporal (life peers – appointed by the queen, hereditary peers – their
seat is inherited, 92)
number of members is not fixed (nowadays 798 members)
o House of Commons
majority voting system – in each country several candidates and winner takes it all
(+stronger parliament, - small parties have no chance at getting heard)
650 members
they approve taxes and make laws
The speaker (president of the House of Commons) – he is elected by its members,
strictly non-partisan, doesn’t vote
EXECUTIVE
government – prime minister (T. May) + ministers
they run the country, prepare budget and propose the height of taxes
queen Elisabeth II.
o official head of state
o formal duties:
as Head of State, the Queen represents the UK abroad and invites other world leaders
to visit the UK
as Head of the Armed Forces, only the Queen can declare when the UK is at war or