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25._Social_changes_over_the_recent_decades

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25) Social changes over the recent decades

I’m going to talk about social changes over the recent decades. Actually, it means the changes that happened in our society recently, caused by political and economic changes, wider educational opportunities (which are now available for everyone), and they are also connected with globalisation and the fact that the world is becoming multicultural. These are mainly the changes in family life, the appearance of the new crimes (mainly crimes connected with new technologies), terrorism, racism, gender equality or immigration.

First, I’m going to talk about the changes in family life. These are mainly the decreasing number of new marriages and births. Young people now have more chances for self-realization. For example, they can study longer, they can travel or they can build a career before they settle down and start a family. I think a career is now more important for them than before. Many young couples also prefer to live together without a marriage. It’s simplier to live together and not to be married, in case they realize they don’t want to be together anymore. Divorce can be really difficult – mainly the arguments about children and possessions. Reasons are also economic – young people can’t afford marriages or having chidren, especially if they still study. Generally, the number of births and marriages is decreasing and people have children in later age.

In the past, it was common to have approximately 6 children and families lived together with grandparents. Nowadays, families are smaller, usually only nuclear family lives together and it´s also normal to be a single parent. Grandparents also live separately and sometimes in retirement homes.

The changes also show in gender roles. There is equality between men and women, they play the same role and have equal career prospects. Women still look after the house but they can use new technologies (for example washing-machine or dishwasher) and men help more. In the past children were sent by parents to the boarding schools, but today they are closer to parents and they often have friendlier relationships. On the other hand, teenagers also have more freedom and there are problems with drinking alcohol, smoking and drug addiction.

There are also many new crimes. Some of the old crimes are for example roberry, rape, theft, murder, arson or bribery and they are still common. But there are some new crimes mainly connected with new technologies. I can name plagiarism, stalking, child pornography, identify theft (PC), HIV assault. There is also drug dealing, hijacking, vandalism or insurance fraud.

Another social problem is terrorism. We can consider it also as a new crime. Terrorism is a violent act which is intended to create fear and spread panic. It’s usually done on purpose of expressing the opinions of the terrorists; they often want to achive some religious or political goals, fight against the system of government or stop the war operation in their countries. It´s aimed at the civil citizens and innocent people.

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