Ernest Hemingway
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ERNEST HEMINGWAY
- 1899 (Chicago) – 1961
- Pulitzer Price 1953, Nobel Price 1954
- father was doctor and mother was music teacher
- took cello lessons, hated it but it was useful
- been boxer, many cats
- started to write at secondary school
- 1916 – first published article
WWI
- volunteer as an ambulance driver in Italy
- 8th July 1918 wounded in mortar fire while taking chocolates and cigars for Italian soldiers
- 6 months in hospital, fell in love with a nurse (Agnes), planned wedding but she left
- kept helping wounded soldiers => Italian medal for bravery
- after WWI:
freelance reporter for Toronto Star => appreciated
1st wife Elisabeth Richardson – 8 years older
new job: Paris correspondent
best times → pretty wife, good money and job
Paris
- meets famous people
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Gertrude Stein (lost generation)
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James Joyce + Eh = alcohol buddies (sprees)
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Pablo Picasso
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F. S. Fitzgerald – inspiration for EH to write a novel
WW2
- before:
1926 – 2nd wife Pauline Pfeiffer => moved to Florida (key west), bought his 1st boat
1937 Spanish war – reporter
1939 sailed to Cuba, separation from Pauline
3rd wife Martha Gellhorn (collection furniture + arts)
- 1944 => war correspondent in London
- 4th wife Mary Welsh Hemingway
- D. Day 6th June 1944 – EH present on a ship with US Army
–> at outskirts of Paris EH pretended to be the captain of the US Army = crime
- after:
health problems (alcohol)
writes and travels a lot
1954 plane crash, next day transport to hospital by a plane –> plane exploded –> EH burns + head injuries –> whole world thing he died –> EH had fun reading his own obituaries
never fully recovered physically (painkillers + alcohol)
he thing FBI follows him
April 1961 Mary found him with a shotgun in his mouth, took him to hospital =. electric shock treatment
30th June released from hospital –> 2nd July shot his head off –> press wrote it was an accident
his father ‘s illness + mental and physical state getting worse –> suicide
WORKS
- excellent narrator
- at first short stories only (“get the most out of the least”)
- themes: love, loss, war (his life)
- 7 novels (+ 3 after teath)
→ The Old Man and the Sea
→ For Whom the Bell Tolls
→ A Farewell to Arms
→ The Sun Also Rises
→ To Have and Have Not
- 3 shorts story collections (+ 4 after death)
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The Three Stories and Ten Poems
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In Our Time
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Men Without Women