International Organizations
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The Council of the EU – the main legislative institution of the EU
consists of ministers of the governments of each of the European Union member states
the President of the Council is a Minister of the state currently holding the Presidency of the Council of the European Union
passes EU laws on the recommendations of the European Commission and the European Parliament
approves the EU budget
seeks to achieve a common foreign, economic, and defense policy for the member states
The European Commission – the executive body
consists of 27 Commissioners, one from each member state of the EU
Its primary roles are:
to propose and implement legislation - the power of initiative
to act as 'guardian of the treaties' which provide the legal basis for the EU
to regulate competition in the Union
The European Parliament – legislative branch
members are elected by EU citizens once every five years
it cannot initiate legislation, but it can amend or veto it in many policy areas
it assembles in Strasbourg and Brussels
The European Court of Justice – judicial branch
it is the Supreme Court of the European Union made up of 27 Judges and 8 Advocates General, seated in Luxembourg
it controls that the EU laws are interpreted in the same way in all states
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
the Treaty of Brussels, signed on 17 March 1948 by Benelux countries, France, and the United Kingdom, is considered to be the precursor to the NATO agreement
it was established on 4th April 1949 by signing the North Atlantic Treaty in Washington, DC as a defensive military organization
ultimately governed by its 28 member states with its headquarters in Brussels
an armed attack against 1 or more of the member states is considered as an attack against all member states
the most senior political governing body of NATO is the North Atlantic Council
The Red Cross
it is a voluntary, non-governmental movement
its mission is to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for the human being, and to prevent and alleviate human suffering, without any discrimination based on nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions
the original emblem is the red cross, nowadays others are used as well, such as red crescent, red crystal, red star of David, etc.
the core tasks are:
to organize nursing and care for those who are wounded on the battlefield
to supervise the treatment of prisoners of war
to help with the search for missing persons in an armed conflict
to organize protection and care for civil populations
its headquarters is in Geneva
Greenpeace
an international environmental organization founded in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada in 1971
is known for its use of nonviolent direct action campaigns to stop atmospheric and underground nuclear testing as well as bring an end to high seas whaling
in later years, the focus of the organization turned to other environmental issues, including global climate changes and genetic engineering, etc.
the global organization receives its income through the individual contributions, as well as from grants from charitable foundations, but does not accept funding from governments or corporations