London

London

IMPORTANCE OF LONDON:

London is the capital city of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is the largest city in the country and it is the 9th largest city in the world. London is a residence of the monarch, representatives of Church of England, government representatives, the Parliament, the High Court, etc. It is the centre of cultural, financial, business, political and social activities. Tourists come here in all season of the year to visit monuments, museums, galleries, scientific institutions, and also the theatres (there are about fifty theatres in London).

It has population about 10 million people. London is one of the largest cities in the world-it cover an area of 1600 square kilometres.

The metropolis is divided into 4 parts:

1. The City of London - It is the oldest part of London around St. Paul. There are many banks and offices here.

2. The Westminster

3. The West End

4. The East End

History of London

The city’s history is very rich. The first settlement of London started about 50 AD. There were a lot of disasters. In 1665 the Black Plague killed 70 000 people. I think that it was terrible. In 1666 the Great Fire destroyed most of the city. The New city was built after this Great Fire. For example architect Christopher Wren built a Saint Paul’s Cathedral.

FAMOUS PLACES IN LONDON

In the City of London, there are the best known destinations: the Tower of London, the Tower Bridge and the Saint Paul’s Cathedral.

The Tower of London is a typical symbol of the capital of Britain. It was built by William the Conqueror. Today, the Tower is the best preserved fortress in the country. Many important personalities were arrested and executed there.

The Tower Bridge stands next to the Tower. This is the last bridge over the Thames before the river Thames flows into the sea. It was built in 1894. It has two characteristic towers with and the height of 65 metres.

The Saint Paul’s Cathedral is the second most important church in London. This is great Renaissance dome and it was built in the 17th century. The Cathedral is known for its Whispering Gallery. (When you stand in this Gallery you can clearly hear what is whispered on the opposite side.)

In the Westminster are the best known destinations the Westminster Abbey, the Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament with Big Ben.

The Westminster Abbey is the most important historical building in London. The first church was built there as early as the 7th or 8th centuries. The present monastery was established by King Edward. The church is characterised by French Gothic influence.

The Buckingham Palace is the official royal residence. The royal family has lived there since 1837. During most of the year it is not open to the public.

The Houses of Parliament is one of the most prestigious buildings in London. Its predecessor was Westminster Palace. It was built during the reign of King Edward and extended during that of William the Conqueror. The tower clock is famous for its massive bell so it is called Big Ben.