19) British Literature II. - George Orwell
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19. British Literature II. – George Orwell
LIFE:
George Orwell was born in 1903 and was an important prosaist, journalist and essayist
His real name was Eric Blair but from 1930 he used the pseudonym Orwell (a name of an English river)
He was born in India into a not very rich English family
He was sent back to England to be educated at Eton, a prestigious school for rich boys, and as a
scholarship student he felt the weight of his lower social status
After Eton he went to Burma, where he joined the Imperial Police.
Orwell felt sympathy for people of lower economic classes. He struggled to survive at low-paying jobs,
first in Paris and later in London
He sympathised with the socialists and participated as a volunteer in the Spanish Civil War on the side
of the Republicans
However, he was not a follower of any political party; he took an independent view and was sceptical of
communism as well as capitalism. He continued to write novels, essays, and political articles during the
1930s and 1940s.
George Orwell died from tuberculosis in 1950.
HIS STYLE AND LITERARY WORK:
His most famous books are the political allegories of Stalinism - Animal Farm (1945) and the anti-
utopian Nineteen-Eighty-Four (1949)
Animal Farm
o Is a novel based on the lives of a society of animals living on a farm, which is owned by Mr.
Jones. The animals revolted against human rules and cruelty and started to rule themselves.
o They all live according to the Seven Commandments of an old pig Major, who led the revolution
but who died shortly after. New leader Napoleon, also a pig, changed Major’s orders, made the
pigs superior and brought totalitarian manners.