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2. The CR

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2. The Czech Republic

The Czech Republic is an inland country. It doesn’t have a border with the sea. It is situated in central Europe. It borders with Poland in the north, Germany in the west, Austria in the south and Slovakia in the west. It covers (occupies) an area of over 78.000 per square km. The population is about 10.5 million people. The capital city is Prague.

The climate is mostly continental, it is temperate (moderate) with warm summers and cold winters.

Now, I would like to speak about the surface of the country.

The CR has a varied landscape. It is surrounded by mountain ranges: The Šumava range, the Czech Forest, the Ore mountains, the Jizerské mountains, the Jeseníky mountains, the Beskids, the White Carpathians. The highest mountain is Sněžka which has more than 1.5 thousand of meters’ altitude and we can find it in the Giant mountains.

There are 4 national parks in the CR: The Krknoše mountains, the Šumava mountains, the national park České Švýcarsko and the national park Podyjí.
The Šumava mounains are covered with beautiful woods and swamps. People like to go cycling there in summer and skiing in winter.

Fertile lowlands can be found in the valleys of big rivers: the Vltava, The Elbe, The Odra river and the Morava.

The CR was set up on the 1st January 1993. It is parliamentary democracy. The head of state is the president, and it is he who appoints a prime minister. The parliament consists of two houses:
the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. There are 200 people in the Chamber of Deputies, and they are serve a 4-year term. The 81 Senate members are elected for 6 years.

According to the law on state symbols of the CR the national flag is one of the symbols of the states. The national flag consists of a red and a white stripes and a blue triangle, which are traditionally Slavic colours.

There are 3 historical parts of the country: Bohemia in the west, Moravia in the east and Silesia in the northern part of the CR. Politically the CR is divided into 14 districts.

The CR is a country witch beautiful nature, rich culture and history. This makes it a popular destination for tourists. Apart from Prague, the country has many more places worth seeing. Many foreigners like to visit Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) famous for spas and mineral springs. At the beginning of summer there is held a famous film festival every year and it takes 2 weeks. Carlsbad is also well-known for Becherovka herbal liqueur.

The landscape of South Bohemia is full of lakes for fish breeding and Rožmberk is the largest pond.

The second largest town is Brno. It is known by foreign businessmen because they come to see the trade fairs and exhibitions held there annually.

South Moravia is known for wine farming. There are many wine cellars in villages which are visited by tourists.

In North Moravia, there is a fruitful agricultural region called Haná with a marvellous university town called Olomouc, the second most important historical place in the Czech lands.

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