Canada
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Canada
Canada is located in the north of the continent of North America
Is the second largest country in the world
It is a confederation of 10 provinces and 3 territories
Is part of the Commonwealth
Canada has a relatively small population of 30 milion
It is a multicultural country with two official languages, English and French
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Canada is constitutional monarchy. Currently Queen Elizabeht II. is the head of the state
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the most famous Canadians are Celine Dion, Nelly Furtado and Jim Carrey
a symbol of the Canada is a maple leaf
national currency – Canadian dollar
the capital city – Ottawa
History
Indians and Eskimos were the original inhibitants of Canada
They came there from Asia – across the Bering Strait
thousand years ago - Vikings rediscovered it
in 15th century – Europeans came there
name Canada – comes from Indian word Kanata – means village, community
before it was called – New France
then British North America
Geography
Area is about 10 million square kilometres
Canada borders
in the South - with the USA
in the West - Alaska
in the North – Artic Ocean
in the East – Pacific Ocean
largest islands – Vancouver - west, New Scotland and Newfoundland – in the East, Victoria and Baffin Islands – in the North
high mountain ranges (all are called Cordilleras) - along the west coast
in the west – Rocky Mountains - highest mountain Mt. Logan
the Mackenzie Mountains, the Melville Hills
the longest river is Mackenzie
other long rivers – Yukon, Columbia, St. Lawrence river
Canada is the country of lakes - more than thousands of them
Great lakes - Lake Superior, Lake Huron, Lake Ontario, Lake Erie
the largest – Lake Erie, Ontario
between them are famous Niagara falls
Great Bear lake, Great Slave lake
Climate
mostly continental
warm sunny summer
long cold winters
in the North - Artic climate
tundra
mostly uninhabited
in the Pacific coast (pobřeží) - the climate is milder (mírnější) /májldr/
Nature
national animal – Beaver
Moose (los), bears (polar, grizzly, black), foxes, wolves, deer (jelen)
live in the forests
seals (tuleň)
about thirty national parks – Jasper National Park
Industry
Industry includes coal (uhlí), iron ore (železná ruda), oil, natural gas (zemní plyn), cooper (měď), zinc, nickel, lead (olovo), uranium…
greatest resource are forests (největší zdroj)
agriculture (zemědělství) – wheat (pšenice), beef, cattle, barley
fishing – cod (treska), lobster (humr), salmon
manufacturing (výroba)– food products, machinery, wood, petroleum
exported goods (vyvážené zboží)– wood, pulp, printing paper, wheat
imported goods (dovážené zboží) – computers, electronic, scientific equipment
People
population is about 34 million people
45% British origin
30% French origin – live in the province of Quebec
20% European origin
Indians (live in the villages in the prairies), Eskimos (live in the Artic regions)
It is a multicultural country with two official languages, English and French