Education in Great Britain, USA and Czech Republic

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Education in Great Britain, USA and Czech Republic

a) Great Britain

Types of people: Nursery under 5 years

Infant 5 – 7 years

Junior 7 – 11 years

Senior 11- 16 plus

Further education 16 plus

University 18 plus

1. Primary and Secondary education:

Every between 5 – 16 - full time education

- boys and girls together

- non-selective schools

Secondary schools: 1. Comprehensive1 school - the majority choose this school

2. Grammar school - 11 – 18 years

- academic education

- entrance with examination → selective

2. Public schools ( private ): - 7 – 8 % of students

- ex. Elton, Harrow

- quite expensive

- students can get scholarship2 there

- before they usually attend preparatory school – age 8 – 13

3. The National Curriculum3: - published in 1989

- they wanted to increase knowledge in age 5 – 16 in England

and Wales

- purpose: - raise students

- extend parental choice

- give schools greater responsibilities

- emphasis4 the national knowledge

- set core5 subjects:

- English

- Mathematics

- Science

- and other foundation6 subjects:

- Technology

- History

- Geography

- Music

- Art

- Physical education

- Modern foreign language

( All students must study first nine subjects from 5 – 14, but

from 11 – 14 they must add modern language )

4. Key stages : 1. Infant - up to 7 years

2. Junior - 7 – 11 years

3. pre-GCSE - 11 – 14 years

4. preparation

for GCSE - 14 – 16

5. Education from age of 14: - 14 – 16 years – they have 3 core subjects: 1. Technology

2. Modern

language

3. Physical

education

- In Wales they have also history, geography, their language

6. Examination: - at above 16

- called: General Certificate of Secondary Education –

(GCSE)

- compulsory7 subjects : - English

- Science

- Mathematics

7. The higher courses: - at age of 18

- entrance examination for higher education : called A – level

- the newer examination is called Advanced Supplementary

- for people aged 16

- it enables to increase studied subjects

8. Exceptions in Scotland: - Secondary schools are called Public schools

- they move to Sec. schools aged 12 not 11

9. Higher education: - available at Universities and institutions for higher education - Britain has 47 Universities ( include Open University)

- the oldest Universities are Oxford and Cambridge (12th – 14th)

- Scottish universities – St Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen

they date from 14th to 15th century

10. UCLES: - it was established in 1858 in Cambridge University

- the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate - it sets standards of efficiency8 for schools

- it was extended also overseas

- in our country promoted by British Council

11. Universities system: - first degree – last 3 – 4 years (medical – 5 years)

- the main qualification : B.A. – Bachelor of Arts

B.Sc. – Bachelor of Science

- for students who are studying subjects such as engineering

it is typical that they spend some time in the industrial location so that they get experience

- degrees: - first class

- second class - upper