tert reading 5

1. Vysvětlete pojmy „centrum“ a „periferie“ v Even-Zoharově pojetí.

polysystém = více systémů dohromady - centrum a periferní záležitosti
dohromady

To say that translated literature maintains a central position in the literary
polysystem means that it participates actively in shaping the center of the
polysystem.

Central

is identified with major events in literary history

no clear-cut distinction between original and translated writings

translation is likely to become one of the means of elaborating the new
repertoire

through foreign works, features are introduced into the home literature
that did not exist before

Peripheral

such literatures do not develop the same full range of literary activities

they may also lack a repertoire - it may be fileed with translated
literature

no real ability to initiate innovations

November 2, 2023 205 PM

TERT1 reading 5

2

2. Kterou pozici podle Evena-Zohara překladová literatura v literárním

polysystému obvykle zaujímá.

translated literature is a major channel through which fashionable repertoire
is brought home

usually part of peripheral - the weak literatures often depend on import
alone, ale záleží to na typu literatury, českém prostředí překladová literatura
tvoří důležitou část (víc jak 50% x anglofonní prostředí - překlady asi 34%

3. Které situace napomáhají překladové literatuře zastávat centrální pozici?

This is all the more true when at a turning point no item in the indigenous
stock is taken to be acceptable, as a result of which a literary “vacuumˮ
occurs. In such a vacuum, it is easy for foreign models to infiltrate, and
translated literature may consequently assume a central position

(a) when a polysystem has not yet been crystallized, that is to say, when a
literature is “young,ˮ in the process of being established;
(b) when a literature is either “peripheralˮ (within a large group of correlated
literatures) or “weak,ˮ or both; and
(c) when there are turning points, crises, or literary vacuums in a literature.

TOURY

4. Jaké typy překlad. norem Gideon Toury vyděluje? Popište je.

Initial norm

the translator gets familiar with the norms of original and target text

subscription to norms originating in the target culture determines its
acceptability.

includes obligatory shifts in language

je text adekvátní nebo přijatelný?

u nás v ČR  více respektujeme text x anglofonní kultura spíše upravuje
orginál, aby odpovídal jejich normám

Preliminary norms

two main sets of considerations which are often interconnected: those
regarding the existence and actual nature of a definite translation policy,
and those related to the directness of translation.

TERT1 reading 5

3

Translation policy: refers to factors that govern the choice of text types,
different policies may apply to different subgroups, text-types (co se k nám
vlastně dostane do té naší kultury, co se překládá - jaké překlady vzniknou)