ANGLIČTINA_KOMPLET
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CONTRACTS A contract may be defined as an agreement between two or more parties that is intended to be legally
binding.
Essential elements of contract -offer and acceptance – must be communicated in a clear and unequivocal manner
-consideration – what is exchanged between the parties to the contract (protiplnění)
-terms – must be exact or certain
-subject-matter - must be legal (předmět smlouvy)
-legal capacity – legally qualified to enter into contractual relationship (sane x insane, certain age)
-intention to be legally bound by a contract (úmysl cítit se právně zavázán)
Types of contract
-valid contract is a contract that meets all requirements of law
-void contract is a contract that is a nullity and has no legal effect
-voidable contract is a contract that might be disaffirmed or avoided by one of the parties, if he or she
wishes because of some rule of law that excuses that party’s performance
-unenforceable contract is a contract that is valid but cannot be enforced for some legal reason
-enforceable
-executed contract is a contract that has been carried out completely
-executory contract is a contract that has come into existence but has not been carried out yet
-bilateral contract is a contract that contains two promises, one by each party to the contract
-unilateral contract is a contract that contains only one promise in change for an act
-express contract is a contract in which the terms of contract are stated by the parties, either orally or in
writing
-implied contract is a contract in which the terms of the contract are not stated by the parties (konkludentní)
I. semester = INTRODUCTION TO LAW AND SOURCES OF LAW + DIVISIONS OF LAW
+ LEGAL PROFESSIONS + CONTRACT a dispute - spor
a law firm – právnická firma
a legal trainee – advokátní koncipient
a natural phenomenon - přírodní úkaz
a new law – nový zákon
a party – strana u soudu
a rule – norma
a sanction - postih
a set of rules - soubor pravidel
a statute - zákon
a tool of oppression – nástroj útlaku
abbreviation – zkratka
abide – řídit se
abolition – zrušení
accord and satisfaction - dohoda o změně závazku a
uspokojení věřitele
according to the law – v souladu se zákonem
acquittal – sproštění viny
acquitted – zproštěn viny
action – žaloba
adjournment – odročení
to administer of property – zacházet s majetkem /
spravovat
administration of estate - správa majetku / pozůstalosti
advocate - advokát
against the law – protiprávní, nezákonné
aggrieved party – poškozená strana
all-rounders - všestranní
amend – změnit, upravit, doplnit
amendment – dodatek
an enactment – uzákonění
an international treaty – mezinárodní smlouva
annulment of agreement - zrušení platnosti dohody
appeal - odvolání
appeal against finding – odvolat se proti rozhodnutí
appeal to – odvolat se k
appointed – jmenován
apprehend (arrest) – zadržet
arrest - zadržet
artificial legal person – právnická osoba
articled clerk – smluvně vázaný úředník
as per article – podle článku (odstavce)
attempted murder – pokus o vraždu
attorney – obhájce (ČR,USA)
authority – pravomoc, úřad
Bar association – advokátní komora
barrister – právník (VB) vystupující před soudem
be accused of – být obžalován z
be in default – být v prodlení
being passed – je přijat
beyond reasonable doubt – nadevší pochybnost
biased judgment – zaujaté rozhodnutí
bill – návrh zákona
binding agreements – závazné dohody
branch of law which deals with - odvětví práva, které
pojednává o / se zabývá
breach a contract – porušit smlouvu
breach of contract - porušení smlouvy
break the law – porušit zákon