exam-summary-jazyk-i4-anglictina-pro-pravniky
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stability
o
most countries nowadays are a mixture of the two systems
Deiniions
o
civil court = court that deals with disputes between individuals
civil acion, civil trial
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o
criminal court = court that deals with kinds of behaviour considered harmful to the
whole society
criminal prosecuion, criminal trial
o
aggrieved / harmed party = the party that sufered harm
o
damages = inancial compensaion awarded by the court
o
legislaion = laws made by parliaments
primary = created by the supreme legislaive body, e. g. a parliament
secondary (delegated) = the primary law-maker transfers the power to a
subordinate body, e. g. ministries (statutory instruments), local authoriies
(by-laws, ordinances in the USA)
bill → act (ater being passed) → royal or presidenial assent (to take efect)
in Britain, an Act of Parliament is divided into a:
heading (sets out the aim of the Act)
chapter
part, itle, subpart/chapter (část, hlava, oddíl)
secions (článek / paragraf); in the EU and US there are aricles
subsecions (odstavec)
paragraphs (písmeno)
subparagraph (věta, bod)
o
statute = a writen law
o
ruling = an oicial decision by a court
o
codify = to arrange laws into codes
o
equity = fairness; an important feature of English law developed as a way of dealing
with the inlexibility of the English legal system
should prevail
if there are diferences between common law and equity
o
plainif (USA)/claimant = a person taking legal acion against someone in a civil case
o
seeking a relief = asking for compensaion for a loss
o
grievances = complaints
o
severity = harshness
o
to peiion = to make a formal writen request
o
constraints = restricions and limits
o
types of remedies:
speciic performance = a person must do the thing they agreed to do