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The power in the Czech Republic is divided into legislative, executive and judicial. The Parliament is made up of Chamber of
Deputies and the Senate (members are elected by citizens who are at least 18 years old). 200 deputies are elected once every
four years and the minimum age for the candidate is 21 years, 81 senators are elected for a six-year term, one third of them is
elected every two years, the minimum age for a senator is 40 years. The government is the supreme body of executive power.
The president is the head of the state and the supreme commander of the armed forces. He takes an oath of office (or of
allegiance) at the joint meeting of both chambers of Parliament. The system of courts includes the Supreme Court, the
Supreme Administrative Court, high, regional, and district courts. The Constitutional Court is made up of 15 judges, who are
appointed for ten years.
ELECTIONS
An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office. This process
is used mainly in the legislature, but also in various organisations and associations. The elections are held at fixed regular
intervals. The President of the USA is elected every four years, our President for five years. The date of the elections may be
predetermined or only maximum time of office is set. Suffrage (political franchise) is the right to vote. The electorate does
not include the whole population. Mentally incompetent and under aged people are excluded from elections. Suffrage is
typically only for citizens (but EU-citizens may participate in municipal elections of any EU-country). In some countries the
suffrage is a duty for citizens (in Argentina). Universal suffrage means, that the right is not restricted by sex, race etc. On the
other hand, equal suffrage means that everybody possess only one vote.