1 - The UK
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1.
The UK
BASIC FACTS− The UK is located between the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean
− It is a part of Europe, but it lies on an archipelago cal ed the British Isles
− The population of the UK is nearly 63 million− English is the major language in the UK
− The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of 4 countries: England, Scotland, Wales and
Northern Ireland
POLITICS− The UK is a part of the British Commonwealth− It is a constitutional monarchy
− The head of state is the monarch Queen Elizabeth II− The head of the government is the Prime Minister
− The parliament of the UK consists of the House of Lords and the House of Commons
CITIES− The capital city of the UK is London
• It is also the capital of England
• It is in the south–east of the UK
− Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland
• It is on the east coast in the northern part of the UK
− Cardif is the capital of Wales
• It is in the south–west of the island of Great Britain
− Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland
• It is in the north–east of the island of Ireland
GEOGRAPHY− The country occupies the island of Great Britain, approximately one-sixth of the island of Ireland and several minor
islands such as the Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands and the Isle of Man
− There are stunning national parks such as the Lake District National Park in England, the Loch Lomond national
park in Scotland and the Snowdonia National Park in Wales
− The UK has temperate climate and there is a lot of rainfall al year round
− Ben Nevis in Scotland, with its 1,344 metres above sea level, is the highest point in the UK
THE PEOPLE OF THE UK− Celts, Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans were the peoples who successively settled the British Isles
− The population of the UK mostly consists of the English, then the Scottish, Welsh and Irish
− Nowadays, particularly big cities in the UK are known for their multiculturalism