4. Key moments in british history
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4. Key Moments in British History
Profile: The Tudors, The Civil War
State: The Early Settlements, The Middle Ages (to 1485)
The early history
the first people to inhabit the British Isles were settlers from Europe
they arrived between 3,500 and 3,000 B.C and introduced farming, potery and stone tools
they lived in the south of England Stonehenge was built by these early inhabitants
Stonehenge
the largest prehistoric monument, a huge circle of standing stones on Salisbury Plain
visitors from all over the world come here and wonder at how these huge stones were transported and erected over 3000 years ago
THE CELTS
as the first inhabitants are considered the Celts who invaded British Isles between the 6th and the 3rd century BC
setlled in southern England
they originaly came from Europe
between 500 and 250 BC they were the most powerful people north of the Alps
were pagans, but later converted to christianity and spread the chrisitianity across British Isles
were good artists (sophisticated disign)
THE ROMANS
in AD 43 Romans invaded the southern Britain which became Roamn colony called Britannia
they went from Italy and pushed the Celts to the north
Roomans set up the capital in London and built cities such as Chester or York
they built infrastructure such as roads, sawage, canals, public baths
the Celtic tribes in Scotland never surrended to the Romans
in AD 122 Roman emperor Hadrian built Hadrian Wall on the border with Scotland
Romans started to leave Britain in AD 340 to fight on the continent
the first roman invasion was led by Julius Caesar in 55 B.C., but Britain wasn´t conquered
later was conquered under Emperor Claudius n 43 A.D.
he pushed (vytlačit) a lot of Celts who lived there to the north and west, Celts didn´t like it and that´s why attacked the Romans many times
Roman Emperor Hadrian wanted to stop them> built a long wall to defend (chránit) the border between England and Scotland
Roman occupation of Britain lasted nearly 400 years, it´s effects were few, the people didn´t adopt Latin language
THE SAXONS, JUTES AND ANGLES
from 350 Gemanic tribes started invading Britain
the trabes came from German, Denmark, Notherlands
the Angels gave Englad its name
the native people and a few Romans lagions could not stop the new enemy, known as Anglo-saxons and fled to the north
Anglo-saxons were converted to christianity following the arrival of Saint Augustine of Rome in 597
as christianity spread monasteries were built all over England
Christianity
in 597 St. Augustin landed in Kent and brought Christianity to England
he became the first Archbishop of Canterbury
THE VIKINGS
about 790 vikings started to invade British Isles
they settled mainly in Ireland and Scotland
they were excelent traders and navigators – traded silk and furs
in 1066 King Harold II marched north to defeat his half-brother the King of Norway at the Battle of Stamford Bridge. Few weeks later was killed at the Battle of Hastingson by other invader. Wiliam Duke of Normandy from nothern france, later known as Wiliam of Conqueror.