Jak Začít?

Máš v počítači zápisky z přednášek
nebo jiné materiály ze školy?

Nahraj je na studentino.cz a získej
4 Kč za každý materiál
a 50 Kč za registraci!




5. Ireland

DOCX
Stáhnout kompletní materiál zdarma (19.01 kB)

Níže je uveden pouze náhled materiálu. Kliknutím na tlačítko 'Stáhnout soubor' stáhnete kompletní formátovaný materiál ve formátu DOCX.

5. EIRE - IRELAND

- 5th century BC – distinctive civilization – Celtic culture, arrival of Celts who spoke Gaelic

-1st century BC – Gaellic language

- becomes written in 5th century AD

- Christianity – Latin alphabet and literacy, people reading, writing

- 5-8th century – highly developed – Golden age in Irish culture

- Bible and latin alphabet spread – Gaelic became a written language before English became even spoken

- monastic culture = monasteries like universities, beer – important, proteins, water was not drinkable, basic astrology, histories are written, development of language, culture based about monasteries as places for learning

- St Patrick – legend of saint Patrick, was sent to brought Christianity to Ireland, explained it to them – mythologized

- Irish needed to create this identity because of English domination

English saw Irish wild and uncivilized

- explained the Holy trinity

- Shamrock – he explained on this the holy trinity

- green – Emerald isle

- national identity under threat because of the British

- Vikings – 9th century, Dublin – settlement – discovered

- most of the monasteries are destroyed, burned

- 12th century – 1160s/70s British kings to help

- Norman inversion1066, William the Conquer – cultural nomination

- come to Ireland, gaining control, in England they replaced existed culture with French speaking Norman aristocracy

- in Ireland over generations become gallic speakers – they become new part of aristocracy

- Old English

- war of the Roses – House of Lancaster – red rose, House of York – white rose

- Dublin – under English control, area around Dublin – Pale = defensive fence structure protective barrier – Be beyond the pale - uncivilized

- lord of Ireland has very little Ireland

- Henry VIII. – English church – making himself the king of Ireland – direct English control

His issues: 1. he wanted a son to provide stability even after his death - succession

2. 1st wife Aragon – Spanish royal family – vliv v Evropě, can’t give him a son – pope did not give him a divorce – wont help him → split from catholic church – not about ideological belief

3. Why this are bad news for Ireland? Henry VIII. is lord of Ireland, pope can easily take Henry VIII. Out, take his illegitimacy, weak spot, it is good for him politically to make himself king, direct ruler, has to re-establish military power

- Irish lords find themselves under control of English

- Edward, Mary, Elizabeth – problem with Irish with being rebellious, take their land

- James I. – 1603 united the kingdoms of Scotland, England and Catholic Ireland

- in of 16th century – process of plantation – a) protestant – pro Britain, unionist, believe in union between England and Ireland, extreme group – loyalists – u are prepared to fight and kill

b) catholic – independent Ireland, nationalist, extreme group – republican

- plantation of protestant 17th century – loyalist, unionist, English speaking protestants – loyal to English speaking king – organized colonization

Témata, do kterých materiál patří