History of english language
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Lamb guts
Brew up = to make a cup of tea
HISTORY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE
- 2 000 years ago – old Britannic language (form of Celtic language)
- Ireland – Gaelic
- different small kingdoms
- Pictish (similar to old britanic)
- none of them knew the word celtic
- we don’t know if these people were natural habitants
- 7th bc bronze age Britain, technology – must been immigration of people
- 2300 Stone hadge
- maybe they adopted Celtic culture
- next arrives Romans
- Romanic celts (ale nebyli celtic) – latin x old britanic
- 410 – wrote things down, odesli
- abandoned Britain – their empire is collapsing, falling and splitting
- Celtic kmeny bojují o moc
- power vacuum
- infighting between tribes
- invaded
- Anglos, Saxons, Juts
- different dialects of old Germanic
- original Roman and Celtic cultures pushed to mountains
- Irish are separated, keeping written history
- English can’t write, not educated
- did Romans leave any trace of English language?
- architecture, names of towns – ester (=army camp)
- sester (=city, town)
- old (=bigger settlement)
- Old Britannic – dialects words, place names
- origin of name Britain
- romans – Greek culture, sailor Paifius – provides first written evidence of Britain
- place called Pritain
- floating islands, ice cubs
- main islends – Britan, Britain – Pridain – welsch world for land
- Themes, London – Celtic words
- first century 60 AD – Romans
- pushing out origin inhabitants
- mountainous places
- speaking different dialects of old German – become English
- English peoples
- Angleland – Angles gave the name to the land
- Catholic mission to spread word of God, they become Christian
- Northern Ireland – Irish spread Christianity
- 6th century – The Irish, missionaries from Rome
- effect of Christianization: literacy – read the Bible
- adoption of latin alphabet → literacy → English written language
- before they wrote Runs, straight lines, symbols, wasn’t sophisticated, didn’t have paper
- affected by Latin, new vocabulary – 400 new words. more sophisticated, less fundamental
- unification on English
- Early English writers:
- Bede – idea of English-speaking peoples (670s-735)
- various nations with the same language
- establishes English history
- The Lord’s Prayer
- 150 years after Bead
- old English had pády
- in the end vymizelo ale strict word order
Vikings
- arriving from 790s – 830s
- English people paying taxes
- York – capital, Yorkshire, Old Norse – 1500-2000 words
- fundamental words – window, sky - why these words from Vikings who are invading
- die, give, take
- reminder: Vikings poetry, grammar