Nature and environment- new
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THE ENVIRONMENT, NATURE, ANIMALS
The main environmental problems
Going green
Endangered animals
Domestic animals and pets
Animals in zoos
1. The main environmental problems (Threats to the environment).
Vocabularythreat
hrozba
fossil fuels
pevná paliva
power plant
elektrárna
release
uvolnit, vypustit
carbon dioxide /dai´oksaid/
oxid uhličitý
trap
zadržovat, chytat
greenhouse effect
skleníkový efekt
glacier
ledovec
iceberg
ledovec (v moři)
ozone hole
ozónová díra
ozone layer
ozónová vrstva
cut down
kácet
cattle
dobytek
crops
plodiny
basin /beisn/
povodí
plant
rostlina
habitat
přirozené prostředí
extinct
vyhynulý
in addition
kromě toho, navíc
oxygen
kyslík
acid rain
kyselý déšť
dump /damp/
vyhodit, vypustit, uložit (odpad)
The main environmental problems (or threats to the environment) are:
Global warming is caused by power plants which burn fossil fuels (coal) and release a
lot of poisonous gases. The result is that the temperature of the atmosphere rises.
This is called greenhouse effect. Greenhouse effect causes melting glaciers and
icebergs, rising sea level and floods, or drought, hurricanes, etc. The only solution is
not to burn coal.
The ozone layer which is about 30 km above the Earth is getting thin or it´s even
missing in some parts of the world. Due to the ozone holes ultraviolet light comes to
the Earth and can cause cancer. The solution is to ban the use of dangerous
chemicals in e.g. sprays, fridges.
Cutting down rainforests – people cut down rainforests because they need more
farm land for cattle and growing crops, and more wood to make furniture. Many
plants and animals lose their habitat and become extinct. In addition, rainforests
produce oxygen. The solution is to find other sources of food and wood.
Acid rain contains harmful acid which kills fish in lakes, rivers and seas, and destroys
leaves on trees and other plants. Acid rain is caused by poisonous gases which are
released when coal is burnt. The solution is to use alternative sources of energy –
solar and wind energies.
Toxic pollution – we release toxic waste into our waterways, into rivers or holes in
the ground, and then we drink it with water or eat it with e.g. potatoes and later fall
ill. The waste must not be dumped into rivers and soil. The solution is to reduce toxic
pollution by stricter laws.
2. Going green
Vocabularyaim
cíl
unleaded
bezolovnatý
detergent
čisticí prostředek
sort out
třídit
sack
pytel
lower
snížit
consumption
spotřeba
The ´greens´ are people whose aim is to protect the environment, not to pollute it, to
behave friendly to it and not to harm it. A green person:
walks more, doesn’t drive a car so much
uses unleaded petrol which is less harmful
uses washing powders, detergents and cosmetics that are friendly to
the environment
sorts out his rubbish, puts glass bottles into one sack, paper into another, and
then he takes it to special bins from which glass, paper, etc. are taken for
recycling
tries to lower consumption, be more modest and not to produce too much waste