Unit 4 KEY
Níže je uveden pouze náhled materiálu. Kliknutím na tlačítko 'Stáhnout soubor' stáhnete kompletní formátovaný materiál ve formátu PDF.
(Thomas B., Thomas A.: Complete First Certificate. Workbook with answers. CUP 2008.)
Listening
4 Listen to two people discussing an article about personality types. Tick A, B, or C. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Uv5OaqKh50
1 The two speakers agree that A the man doesn’t react well to pressure.
B other people like the man’s attitude and behavior.
C the man should not consider himself a ‘go-getter’.
2 The man doesn’t agree that he A is good at organizing other people.
B makes too little effort. C annoys other people.
3 What do the two speakers agree on the subject of discussions? A The man often changes his view during them.
B The man always wants to make other people to agree with him.
C The man likes it when other people disagree with him.
4 The woman agrees that she A is regarded as an unreliable by many people.
B has a relaxed attitude to life. C frequently changes her plans.
5 The man says that one of the characteristics of ‘performers’ is that they
A think too much about criticism. B expect too much of other people.
C are too loyal to other people.
SPEAKING
4 In pairs, interview each other using the following questions. 1 Can you describe yourself in three words?
3 What is your biggest weakness?
2 What are your best skil s?
3
INTELLIGENCE
, MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
READING
5 Read the following text.
The Mind Machine?
Although intelligence has been studied, and the brain has been studied, there is lit le understanding of
how the brain works to produce intelligence. This has something to do with the fact that the brain
contains around 100 billion cells (about the number of stars in the Milky Way).
One of the continuing myths about the relationship between intelligence and the brain is that the brains
of very clever people are somehow physically dif erent from those of ordinary people. At the beginning
of the century an American scientist called E. A. Spitzka produced a list of the weights of the brains of
important, well-known men. The heaviest brain on the list was that of Turgenev, the Russian novelist,
at 2000g. However, the brain of another great genius, Walt Whitman, weighed only 1282g.
There are no significant differences between the intelligence levels of males and females. However,
girls under seven score a lit le higher than boys in IQ tests and the highest IQ recorded is that of
Marylyn vos Savant at 230. However, men and women do differ in the way they think. Generally
women are more skilled verbally and men do bet er on visual-spatial tasks.
Interestingly, the fibres which join the two halves of the brain have been found to be larger in women
than in men. This supports the theory that women can change from ‘practical’ to ‘emotional’ thinking
more quickly than men.
The brain needs ten times as much blood as other organs of the body, as it can’t store glucose for later
use. This is different to muscles and other organs and although the adult brain makes up only two per
cent of the body weight, its oxygen consumption is twenty per cent of the body’s total.
There are similarities between brains and computers. Computers can do complicated calculations at
incredible speeds. But they work in a fixed way, because they can’t make memory associations. If we
need a screwdriver and there isn’t one, we will think laterally and use a knife or coin instead.
Computers can’t do this. In fact, it is claimed that when it comes to seeing, moving and reaction to
stimuli, no computer can compete with even the brain power of a fly.
Most of our mental processes are deeply formed habits. Challenging your brain to do things differently
helps it develop. Try changing routines as often as you can: take a bus instead of going by car, sit in a
different chair. An extreme but useful exercise is to read something upside down - you can actually feel
your brain at work.
6 Now read the following sentences and decide if each sentence is TRUE or FALSE. 1 Scientists have already discovered how the brain works to produce intelligence. F
2 The brains of bright people are usually heavier. F
3 Males usually have higher spatial intelligence quotient than females. T
4 The brain lacks fuel stores and therefore requires continuous supply of glucose. T
5 Computers are similar to brains in associations they make. F
6 To improve and develop your brain it is good not to change your daily routines. F