Academic writing-semináře-zápisky

5. 3.

Bella in Twilight

Thesis statement should say:

• What’s the topic?

• What is your approach/view? - She is complex and brave…

• What theory/method we use? – feminism, psychoanalysis, questionnaire… - feminist approach

= This paper gives a feminist analysis of the complexity of the character Bella in the Twilight series.

• Avoid generalize words – negative, positive, very, interesting

• Try to be specific – for example – about which society we are talking about

12. 3.

[plejdžrism] – plagiarism

Paraphrasing

3 steps:

1. We introduce the summary or the quotation – reporting verbs

2. We do the paraphrase

3. Author 1997, 245 – usually at the end

Summarize x paraphrase

• Summarize of the whole text, paragraph

• Paraphrase – sentence – usually same like the original

1. Underline the main ideas

2. Put conjunctions between the key words (…and… although….because…in a way similar to…) - restructure it – put it in a new sentence

3. Use synonyms – changing nouns into verbs, adjectives into nouns

Close paraphrase – too close to the original, we only use synonyms – it is a mistake

Exercise:

1. Attempts to define leadership have been proposed over the years.

Leadership has been defined various times/in various ways over the years.

1. Leadership has long been considered one of the most important factors influencing how one performs in organisation.

2. It was typical in early research to focus on the personality characteristics of successful leaders.

3. Later researchers recognized the ways in which leaders relate to their subordinates.

4. Fred Fiedler’s suggestion that there are three such “situational factors” deserving our attention: leader-member , task structure and position power.

19. 3.

• Do not use newspapers, editorials, reviews

• Change the citation – Chicago style – Author-Date system

• Journals, Books, Films, Drama – ITALICIZED

• Poems, Songs, Articles, Essays – IN QUOTE MARKS

• Jim Burns, the General Manager of the television channel KSA, claims that more students would have an access to get a college degree if they take television courses.

Television channel manager Jim Burns propagates educational television, claiming that due to high tuition fees only a certain section of the population can attend colleges. – JEHO

• According to pre-med student Alma Rodriguez it is not easy for her to not be on campus but she has important duties at home.

Alma Rodriguez, a pre-med student appreciates that she can study, work and take care of her family at the same time.

• Different group of students said that it is not necessary for them to spend so much time commuting anymore.

Other appreciate that they do not need to commute to school anymore.

• Amir Mehdizadeh, the computer engineering student, stated that he is not dependant on regular timetable and teaching methods.

Computer engineering student Amir … added that he will continues his studies with telecourses, because he can choose the time and place of his study.

• Peter Trudgill claims that considering of subject of sociolinguistics and dialectology is problematic because of connection between those two topics.