AMSBE - přednášky-dodatečné poznámky

It still exists

Through these practices and state laws the southern states wanted to prevent the results of the civil war – these restrictive measures were ?? – Jim Crow legislation – character from a play – several comical plays – he was a big black man, muscular, very strong but not very smart, resembling with monkey

The reconstructions failed and the consequences were very important

It took 1 hundred years to implement the results of civil war

A new age started in American history – progressive age

The gilded age = covered with gold – industry developed very quickly

We have the first generation of tycoons – very rich men (women didn’t have many privileges)

• Not necessarily men with good education

• They made their wealth particulary in certain areas – railways (connecting USA and Canada, San Francisco and Vancouver, New York and ?)

• Railways were important to unifying the states economically – they order things from catalogues from home and the thing arrived through the railway – big money were made

Another great change – the Taylorism system – from the name of one tycoon

• One person do this, another do this – as a worker you perform the same operation – productivity increased BUT work became boring, monotonous – no satisfaction

Car industry – in Europe this industry produced few cars – luxury cars

• Americans came with different idea – we want cheap cars to more people to buy them

There appeared many machines such as vacuum cleaner, washing machine

The Vanderbuilt family

The Ford family

The Rockfeller family

The Carneie family

The Mellon family

Many universities were found because they donated money to universities (private universities)

They also spent money on cultural centres, museum, centres performing sports

This first generation supported American painters

The ladies were at home with children, men were in their office making money, travelling, during winter they were in NY or Boston, in summer they had villa in New Port

• Most of these houses are museums now

From among these rich families, there is Theodore Roosevelt (Teddy)

• There is this Roosevelt AND Franklin něco Roosevelt – president during WW II.

• He came from rich family but he was a man with very open mind

• He realized that America where industry develops so fast must pay attention to the environment – he came with idea that some areas of nature must be preserved – he initiated legislation for the first national park – you can’t build homes, you can’t exploit? The soil

• He tried to limit the power of the big business – every big business would try to control the whole market – he initiated legislation which stimulate competition

• He didn’t do it only for rich people but for the masses

• He was concerned about food industry – he initiated legislation controlling food industry – as more and more people worked in factories (women and man) so women didn’t have much time to cook, they went to shops and only boil something, they bought almost ready meals – but these products must be a good quality so we don’t get sick