Přednášky - britské studie

1922 – Irish free state

• There were some conditions to it

1929 – Economic crisis

• crisis of overproduction – due to some bad economic strategies – they let the market function freely, without control – The capitalist didn’t wanted to adjust the prices to the needs of poor

1933 – Hitler took power in Germany

• In order to solve the crisis he used public money

  • Building infrastructure > work for people > money for people

• Germany defeat war repparation > restart of army

• Zabrání Sudet

• 1934 - Poland attacked

The World War II

• 1940 - Winston Churchil - prime minister

  • Leader of the fleet

  • From aristocratic family

  • Organized the defense of britain

• 1941 - USA joined a war

  • Before Britain was alone

  • Lend Lease Act > lending of war equipment

• Enigma - decoding machine

• 1941 - Hitler opened 2. front

• Russia allied with Britain and USA

• 1944 - joined forces succeed in opening of a new front in France

• August 1944 - liberation of Paris

• 8.-9.5 1995 fell of Berlin

  • Occupation of Berlin > divided in two parts

The Cold War

• Ideologic war between Soviet Union and USA

• Indirect fight through supporting states in their wars (India, Israel, Afghanistan..)

• Marshall plan - economic help given to European countries to recover after WWII

  • Plan was offered not only from generosity but also because předejití next overproduction crisis

• Blue helmets - from all members of united nations

• Radio station “Free Europe” in Munich and Radio Liberty – they were paused under the authority of congress

• Proxy war – war in Angola

Bay of pig crisis

• Under president Kennedy – he wanted to fight the communist regime in Cuba (it was close to Florida so it seemed dangerous for the US)

• They wanted to land on Cuba and took control over the country

• Agents were defeated

• Kennedy > missile crisis also with Cuba > radioactive properties – very dangerous

1945 – United Nations Organization (OSN)

• To prevent wars – successful – no major conflicts after the WW2

• Wave of countries demanding independence of England (India, Ireland, Pakistan, ..)

Roosevelt + Churchill

• They talked about how it is possible, that concentration centers were never bombed

• Propaganda bombing - Dresden

• Roosevelt dies in 1945 – he is followed by Truman

• Communists and the left wing thought, that Israel will become a communist country

• Giving Jews their home back – though these countries were not empty

1948

• System of colonies continued

• France and Britain decided to take pieces of Asia and control them

• Israel was under France, Palestine was under Britain

1956 – Suez crisis

• An attempt of Britain and France to block the canal – failed

1960 – the independence of 10 African countries

• Ghana

• War was not the solution

• War followed and then France had to admit the independence of Algeria

Common wealth

• Britain + colonies

• The connection of Brit. + colonies was way easier this way (transport, … )

• Privilege economical relationship

• The elite was encouraged to study in England and stay here + communicate with their own country

• Some countries even wanted to became a member

• British people wanted a change – label party - ? won the election