VYPRACOVANÉ ZÁPISKY
Níže je uveden pouze náhled materiálu. Kliknutím na tlačítko 'Stáhnout soubor' stáhnete kompletní formátovaný materiál ve formátu PDF.
2. LOUIS ALTHUSSER: IDEOLOGICAL STATE APPARATUS
French Marxist philosopher
took the idea of superstructure of Karl Marx and extended it
ideological state apparatus = base/society creates some machines that should protect the existence of
hierarchy in the society
ideological state apparatus are some institutions such as school, the press, the police
they were created not to protect themselves but the hierarchy in the society
it is not based on force but on ideas
3. GEORG LUKACS
he continued on the idea of Louis Althousser
he took a historical novel and analysed it from the point of ideology
there is always some ideology hidden (no novel is innocent)
4. PIERRE MACHEREY: THEORY OF LITERARY PRODUCTION
extended Marxist theory to literary production
the writer is in the same position like the shoe maker (the writer writes a novel, it takes some time, he has
expenses and expects to get some money but he will never ever be rewarded enough for his work)
the book is not an idea, it is a material object (the book needs painting, is brought to a publish house where it
has to be printed out and sold)
all those people involved are alienated because they have to be paid but they don’t get the whole price
5. ROBERT ESCARPIT: LITERATURE AND SOCIOLOGY
looked at literature from the point of view of the reader
when the reader chooses a book, his choice is not innocent
his ideology depends on his position in society (is he in the base or is he used by it)
6. SLAVOJ ŽIŽEK
Slovenian continuer of Karl Marx
he combines Marxism and psychoanalysis
claimed that the economy was important as well as our psyche
The parallax view
▪
used a metaphor of shooting
▪
if you want to shoot and want to be successful in order to hit the target, the eyes have to unite the line and
the target