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MP409Zk
contirbutions
(consideration for
shares).
issuance of shares to
the public and/or
existing members.
have no power to
participate in
management.
Partnership
Unlimited personal
liability of the general
partners for the
obligations of the
business.
Partners contribute
money or services to
the partnership, they
share profits and losses.
The parters have equal
management rights,
unless they agree
otherwise.
Limited partnership
Unlimited personal
liability of the general
partners for the
obligations of the
business, limited
partners generally have
no personal liability.
General and limited
partners contribute
money or services to
the limited partnership,
they share profits and
losses.
The general partner
manages the business,
subject to any
limitations of the
Limited Partnership
Agreement.
Other kinds of companies:
a) society – friendly association of people for example a sports society – spolek, družení
b) cooperative – democratic firm owned by its workers – družstvo
c) charity – organization to relieve poverty, advance religion or education etc. - charita
d) offshore company – firm based in a tax haven to avoid higher taxation – firma se sídlem v zahraničí
Parent company/holding company (mateřská společnost) x subsidiaries (dceřinná společnost). Companies have to pay a
corporate tax (daň z příjmů).
Takeover (převzetí) – could be defined as a moment when a bidder makes an offer to purchase a certain number of shares
of a public company in order to gain control over he company. Hostile takeover happens when the board of directors of
such company doesn't agree with it.
Ways of raising a capital:
a) selling shares (prodej akcií)
b) issuing debentures/bonds (vydávání dluhopisů)
Shares may be sold in 3 ways:
a) at a premium – za vyšší hodnotu – for a higher than nominal price
b) at the nominal value – za nominální hodnotu
c) at a discount – se ztrátou