teaching grammar - přednáška
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Teaching grammar
• What is grammar?
• How do people learn grammar.
• How can I analyse form, meaning and use for
teaching purposes?
• What are possible component parts of a
grammar lesson?
What is grammar?
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What is grammar?
• “Grammar is process for making a speaker’s or
writer’s meaning clear when contextual
information is lacking.” = learners need to
learn not only the forms but also their
meanings. ( Thornbury, 1999: 4)
• “Grammar is a description of rules that govern
how a language’s sentences are formed.”
• “Grammar is conventionally seen as study of
syntax and morphology.” ( Thornbury, 1999: 2)
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Tickets!
Coffee?/Please/Milk?/Just a drop.
Grammar framework
Meaning
/semantics
What does it
mean?
Pragmatics
When and why is it
used/
Form/struct
ure
How is it
formed
Meaning
Representational – helps us to represent the world
by subjects, objects, adverbials, tense, aspect
The children are playing/The children are playing in the
garden/
Interpersonal – helps us to influence how things happen
- reflects how we use grammar to ease the task of having
something done
Tickets!/ Tickets, please./ Can you show me your tickets,
please?
Spoken grammar x written grammar
Grammar syllabus
selection x grading
usefulness x frequency
Core grammar a/an/the/adjectives-comparatives, superlatives/
be-present, past/ can, can’t –ability, request/
going to/like+noun/ like+ing/ past
simple/possessive adjectives/prepositions of
place and time/present continuous/ present
simple/should /would/will
When grading syllabus think about
• Complexity – less complex structures should
be taught before the more complex ones e.g.
present continuous before present perfect
continuous