teaching grammar - přednáška
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Is it consistent with good learning principles? (its efficacy) try to exclude any distracting or irrelevant details
understandable and easy to remember
A factor – appropriacy
How appropriate they are
age, level, size of the group, monolingual x
multilingual, Ss’ needs (examination), Ss’
interest, available materials, previous learning
experience, cultural factors, educational
context( private school, home, abroad)
How to teach grammar
Deductive - starts with the presentation of a
rule and is followed by examples in which is the
rule applied ( rule-driven).
Inductive – starts with examples from which a
rule is inferred ( rule – discovery).
Texts and contexts – language is context-
sensitive
Deductive teaching
Advantages: Gets straight to the point, time-saving, rules can
be quickly explained.
It respect the intelligence and maturity of many.
It confirms Ss‘ expectations about classroom
learning.
Deductive teaching
Disadvantages: Grammar explanation encourages teacher
fronted teaching.
Starting a lesson with grammar presentation can
be off putting, dull, over technical,
demotivating.
Implies learning language is simply a case of
knowing the rules, small children may react
negatively
Ss may not have sufficient metalanguage
(language used to talk about language such as
grammar terminology).
EXAMPLE OF DEDUCTIVE LESSON
Thornbury, 2012:31
Inductive teaching
Advantages : Rules learners discover for themselves are more
likely to fit their existing mental structures;
mental effort involves greater degree of
cognitive depth, which ensures more
memorability
Ss are more actively involved in the learning
process, rather than being passive
Increases learner‘s autonomy
Inductive teaching
Disadvantages: Time consuming,
Some student may hypothesise the wrong rule,
or too broad
Difficult for the teacher to prepare
Frustrates students who would prefer deductive
teaching
Examples of inductive learning
Thornbury, 2012:50
Examples of inductive learning