teaching grammar - přednáška
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• Learnability – natural order of acquisition
• Teachability
Grammar rules
Prescriptive grammar refers to the structure of a
language as certain people think it should be
used.
Descriptive grammar refers to the structure of a
language as it's actually used by speakers and
writers.
Pedagogical rules that make sense to learners,
and provides them with means and confidence
to generate language
Grammar rules
Interface
Descriptive:
prefix (inter-) , root(face), both used as a noun
and a verb
Prescriptive:
Is it ok to use the word as a verb?
Grammar rules
• When they have generic reference , both
concrete and abstract non count nouns, and
usually also plural count nouns are …
• Always use different from, never use different
to
• Never use the passive when you can use the
active
• You use the when the person you are talking
to knows which person or thing you mean.
• You do not normally use the with proper
nouns referring to people
• If you are talking about something that is
happening now, you use the present
continuous: They are watching TV now.
Grammar and methods
• Grammar –Translation method – explicit
grammar explanation
• Direct method - mid 19th century, focused on
skills, Ss pick up grammar through LA
• Audiolingualism – strict rejection of grammar
teaching
• Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) , 1970s,
communicative competence consists of more
than simply the knowledge of rules of grammar
Grammar now
Overt grammar teaching – teaching to a
grammar syllabus and explicitly presenting the
rules of grammar. Using grammar terminology
Covert grammar teaching – teaching to a
communicative syllabus, dealing with grammar
questions when they arise in the course of doing
communicative activities.
Basic principles for grammar teaching
E-factor- economy, ease, efficacy
How time-efficient is it? (its economy) presenting grammar: the shorter the better
How easy is it set up? (its ease)
the easier an activity is to set up, the better it is