Syntax - veškeré výsledky cvičení
Níže je uveden pouze náhled materiálu. Kliknutím na tlačítko 'Stáhnout soubor' stáhnete kompletní formátovaný materiál ve formátu PDF.
7. Back-shift takes place after would rather/sooner. T (when we use a different S)
I’d rather stay at home. (S = I) I’d rather you stayed at home tonight. (S = you; ← we use backshi )
8. The back-shifted form of I think is always I thought. T
9. Pronouns are often back-shifted in indirect speech. T (this → that, these → those; you → me
(reported))
10. We often use back-shift to show social distancing. T (Could you…)
Exercises – indirect speech
He said, ‘I first met the girls two years ago.’
→ He said (that) he had first met the girls two years earlier. (or it can stay the same)
He asked me, ‘Wil you wait here until I return?’ (Wil you wait here until I return? ← a polite
command in the form of a Yes/no Q)
→ He asked me whether I would wait there until he returned.
He said, ‘I promise you I shan´t be long.’
→ He promised me (that) he wouldn't be long.
→ He said (that) he promised me he wouldn't be long.
Shal is used in very formal situations in this sense (functions as wil ). (nowadays used in sentences
'Shal I' → 'mám'; in that case we can use SHOULD. Shal I go now? Should we tel him about it?
However, in the case above it is not used in this sense, therefore we have to use would not when we use
backshift…
‘Shal I or shal I not paint the house today?’ I wondered.
→ I wondered whether I should paint the house that day or not. ↑ (should)
‘Up to now,’ he told her, ‘I’ve had three tries, and that is almost enough.’