tert reading 4

VERMEER

5. Jak definuje Vermeer překlad? Co znamená v jeho pojetí "skopos"?

skopos theory is part of a theory of translational action, translation is seen
as the particular variety of translational action which is based on a source
text, any action has an aim, a purpose, action leads to a result, a new
situation or event, and possibly to a new object - translation leads to
translatum (the resulting translated text)

skopos = technical term for the aim or purpose of a translation

TERT1 reading 4

3

6. Vůči kterým kritickým připomínkám teorii skoposu se Vermeer vyjadřuje,

jakým způsobem je vyvrací?

objection 1  not all actions have an aim, some have no aim (literary texts) -
if not aim can be attributed to an action, it can no longer be regarded as an
action

Objection 1, then, can be answered as follows: if a given act of behaviour
has neither goal nor function nor intention, as regards its realization, result
or manner, then it is not an action in the technical sense of the word.

even creation of literature involves purposeful action (even art has an
intention!

objection 2  not every translation can be assigned a purpose, there are
also not goal-oriented translations

7. Jak lze chápat Vermeerův pojem "fidelita"?

fidelity is one possible and legitimate skopos or commission

Text musí být funkční a čtivý a teprve pak porovnávám míru věrnosti např
dle dobové normy – intratextová koherence je nadřazená intertextové
koherenci – fidelita až na druhém místě, po srozumitelnost cílového textu

8. Proč je pro překladatele důležité překladatelské zadání?

the translator is then able to specify and adjust the text according to the
skopos - which macrostrategy to use, whether the text needs to be
translated, paraphrased or re-edited