Přednáška-speaking and writing
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Classroom activities - examples
Thornbury, S. ( 2005:41-109)
Harmer, J. (2001:276-281)
Urr, P. ( 2012: 122-125) and many more
Roles of teacher
Prompter
Participant
Feedback provider/ assessor
Feedback to spoken performance
When to correct spoken English?
This depends on the main objective of speaking
activity:
accuracy: focused immediate (on-the-spot)
correction, or later, or not at all? (correction
useful - when doing exercises)
fluency: later, or brief, unobtrusive, immediate
correction = ´scaffolding ´, or not at all?
(useful when the learner is lost and needs
support) (Scrivener, 2011: 286)
Assessment criteria
(Thornbury,
2005: 129)
Writing
The role of writing in real life and in the classroom
– to be put in accordance – useful practice
important
Increase in written communication – though, new
kinds of communication (e-mails, web forums, text
messages – own shorthand, abbreviations, lexis –
dictionaries of text-message conventions);
The need for longer, formal written work –
lessened (reflected in classrooms);
Writing
Writing conventions: Handwriting
Spelling
Punctuation
Layout
Approaches to writing: Product writing
Process writing
Types of writing work in the classroom
copying: noting down substitution tables from
the board, copying examples from the book ,
disguised word copying
doing exercises: writing single phrases – limited
options for creativity + making mistakes
guided writing: guided longer texts in restricted
tasks – samples/models offered
process writing: learners write what they want
to with help and feedback through the process
of choosing the topic, gathering ideas,
organizing thoughts, drafting, etc.
unguided/free writing: learners write freely
without overt guidance, assistance or feedback
during the process;
Writing activities
Harmer, 2014: 31-107
Harmer, 2001: 262-268
The examples of tasks
Instant writing – sentence writing, using music,
using pictures, writing poems
Collaborate writing – using the board,
dictogloss, writing in groups/pairs,
Writing to each other