Shrnutí - morfologie

John's got an appraisal tomorrow. He's really anxious about it.

Prepositions can be one word only, e.g. of, throughout, or more words, e.g. because of

example: We got fewer dollars this week because of the drop in the exchange rate.

Prepositions and adverbs

There is no difference in form between prepositions and many adverbs, but there is a difference in use: a preposition has an object but an adverb does not. Compare:

example: Did you ever travel before the war, Dad? (preposition)

I have a strange feeling that I've been here before. (adverb)

Deferred prepositions - The most common appearance of 'deferred' (deferred until after its object) or 'stranded' prepositions, is in the less formal of the 'Wh-' questions: example: 'Who did you take a picture of, Michael?' / 'Whose bed did you get into, Michael?' or in relative clauses: example: 'Is that the boy you took the picture of, Michael?'

Prepositional phrases

A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and the word(s) that follow it. The most common words that follow prepositions are nouns and pronouns:

example: sleep on the floor comparison between Clinton and Kennedy it's for you

We can also use -ing forms, adverbs or wh- clauses after prepositions:

example: As well as helping us to move into the house. John bought us a great present.

Please don't interfere in any way with what I have written in the introduction.

A prepositional phrase can include a determiner before the noun or -ing form:

example: The head teacher doesn't approve of his arrangements with a local band.

We can't use a that clause after a preposition:

example: The government managed to pass the bill through Parliament, despite that it had a low majority.

The government managed to pass the bill through Parliament, despite its low majority/despite having a low majority/despite the fact that it had a low majority.

Nor can we use an infinitive phrase, except with the prepositions except, but and save:

example: Please come straight home - don't stop except to phone us.

Kinds of pronouns and their distinction

PRONOUNS X DETERMINERS

- used in a place of a noun - always precede nouns

- do not normally precede nouns

One word can be used both as a determiner and a pronoun:

I want this book. X I want this.

I want some milk. X I want some.

Subclasses of pronouns

Central: a) Personal: I/me, we/us …

b) Possessive: my/mine, our/ours…

c) Reflexive (+ Intensive): myself, ourselves…

Reciprocal: each other, one another

Relative: who, which, that ….

Interrogative: what, who which, how ….

Demonstrative: this, these, that, those

Indefinite: all, both, some, enough, other, another, any, either, neither, no, none

1) Personal pronouns

• their choice depends on the noun that is being replaced (pronouns (except for you) agree with the nouns they replace in number, some in gender and case).

• for general reference one (formal, rarely used nowadays) and you (informal) are commonly used

• description of a facilities offered by a hotel: Table tennis is on offer and ONE can also hire bicycles.

• They do these throw away cameras. You can get a panoramic one and you can get a sort of party one with a flash.