Shrnutí - morfologie
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You are late again. My late uncle was a miner.
b) Attributive X postpositive position:
The concerned doctor rang for an ambulance. The doctor concerned is on holiday.
It was a proper question. The question proper has not been answered.
involved, responsible, present
often the distinction is between “permanent” and “temporary”
visible stars the stars visible
c) Adjectives describing health: faint, ill, poorly, unwell, well
when used in connection with health - they are usually used predicatively
He's ill/unwell. He feels faint. I'm very well. I'm fine.
well: functions both as an adj. and adv.
He's well.
He speaks English well.
faint, ill: when used attributively - change in meaning
a faint chance, a faint hope
an ill decision
Present and past participles used as adjectives
-ed participles X some adj. ending in -ed are not participles → [id]
broken window aged parent, crooked path, naked man, wicked witch,
locked door learned man, beloved child
Adjectives X adverbs
- since adverbs are morphologically the closest part of speech to adjectives they are often formally non-distinct: long, fast late, and a number of forms ending in –ly can function as both adjectives and adverbs: kindly, early, likely ...
- a few adverbs and adverb particles can function as attributive adjectives especially in fixed phrases: the above statement, an away match, the upstairs bathroom, the inside cover, the then chairman
Measurements: when followed by an adjective/adverb - plural
six metres high
when followed by a noun - singular
He's a six-foot man.
+ compound adjectives of measurement
a three-year-old building, ten-minute walk, a twelve inch ruler
Word order:
quality size/age/shape colour origin past part. material purpose/use
beautiful old brown French handmade teak kitchen cupboard
Adjectives like the following are used after the, never after a/an, to represent a group as a whole: the blind, the deaf, the rich/poor, the young/old, the unemployed
Gradable and Non-gradable Adjectives
- Adjectives describe qualities (characteristics) of nouns.
- Some qualities can vary in intensity or grade (for example: hot, hotter, the hottest). - The adjective hot is gradable.
- Other qualities cannot vary in intensity or grade because they are:
extremes (for example: freezing)
absolutes (for example: dead)
classifying (for example: nuclear)
The adjectives freezing, dead and nuclear are non-gradable.
Gradable adjectives
A gradable adjective can also have comparative and superlative forms:
big, bigger, the biggest
hot, hotter, the hottest
important, more important, the most important
Look at these example sentences:
My teacher was very happy with my homework.
That website is reasonably popular. But this one is more popular.
He said that Holland was a little cold and Denmark was rather cold. But Sweden was the coldest.
Non-gradable Adjectives
A non-gradable adjective cannot be used with grading adverbs:
It was rather freezing outside.
The dog was very dead.
He is investing in slightly nuclear energy.