Syntax- přednášky

Local

• He was late, not for the first time.

• The mole can see with no light.

• He gave it to me for nothing.

• They talked of nothing.

Homework – ellipsis:

Need for sleep - Textual ellipsis – anaphoric reference, general – head + postmodifier

Hours a night – textual ellipsis – cataphoric reference – general – head + (postmodifier) – to se psát nemusí v tomto případě

Healthy adults – textual ellipsis - anaphoric reference – general – head

Hours – textual ellipsis – cataphoric reference – general - head

Cutting down on our sleep – textual ellipsis –anaphoric reference – general – predicate/clause

Sleep – textual ellipsis – anaphoric reference – general – head

Cvičení ellipsis – pdfko

Line 7 – “she wants” – textual – special – coordination – subject

Line 14 – “I” – textual – special – coordination – subject

Line 27 – “that” – structural – conjunction

Line 31 – “that was” – textual – special – non-finite clause (function: postmodification)

Line 34 – “teeth” – textual – general – head of a noun phrase

Line 38 – “who is” – textual – special – non-finite clause (function: postmodification)

Walking along Prague Street, I met Paul (the subject is the same in both clauses – “I” - textual – special – non-finite clause (function: adverbial – while I was walking…))

Sam has trimmed the hedge and mowed the lawn. – textual – special – coordination – subject + operator

The author wrote and the copy-editor revised the book. – textual – special – coordination – object

Sally likes fish and her mother hamburgers. – textual – special – coordination – verb

Cvičení: negation

1. I haven’t got Andrew’s address. (still)

   1. (I had it, but I’ve lost it).

I HAVEN´T STILL GOT ANDREW´S ADDRESS

b) (I’ve been waiting ages for it.)

I STILL HAVEN´T GOT ANDREW´S ADDRESS.

2. I advised him to complain. (not)

a) (I felt strongly that it was not a good idea to complain.)

I advised him not to complain

1. (I offered no advice.)

I didn’t advised him to complain.

1. I don’t know what’s happening. (definitely)

   1. (I am totally ignorant.)

I definitely don’t know what’s happening.

1. (I have a sort of rough idea.)

I don’t definitely know what’s happening.

1. I don’t try to understand these things. (even)

   1. (There’s no point in trying.)

I don’t even try to understand these things.

1. (You might have expected that at least I would.)

Even I don’t try to understand these things.

1. He didn’t arrive on time. (once)

   1. (Just on one occasion.)

Once he didn’t arrive on time. /He didn’t arrive on time once.

1. (Never.)

He didn’t once arrive on time.

1. I don’t like oysters. (particularly)

   1. (But I don’t mind them.)

I don’t particularly like oysters.

1. (I really dislike them.)

I particularly don’t like oysters.

1. I don’t understand. (really)

   1. (It is incomprehensible to me.)

I really don’t understand.