VYPRACOVANÉ ZÁPISKY
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the alternation of a stressed and unstressed syllable
the word is derived from a Greek word: rhythmos (meaning measured motion)
a literary device which demonstrates the long and short patterns through stressed and unstressed syllables
particularly in verse form (= music of poetry)
the rhythm is organised into a reoccurring pattern that is called
meter
meter is measured in
feet (foot = a combination of 2 or 3 syllables that stressed or unstressed)
the most common feet in English Poetry (for words of 2 or 3 syllables):
• TROCHEE (trochaic) = made of 2 syllables; stressed, unstressed (energy at the beginning to show power)
• IAMB (iambic) = made of 2 syllables; unstressed, stressed (to express sadness, a difficult life) e.g. goodbye
• SPONDEE (spondaic) = made of 2 syllables; stressed, stressed • PYRRHIC (pyrrhical) = made of 2 syllables; unstressed, unstressed • DACTYL (dactylic) = made of 3 syllables; stressed, unstressed, unstressed (e. g. wonderful, marvellous)
• ANAPEST (anapaestic) = made of 3 syllables; unstressed, unstressed, stressed (e. g. Halloween)
• AMPHIBRACH (amphibrachic) = made of 3 syllables; unstressed, stressed, unstressed (e. g. forgetful)
number of feet per line
• 1 – MONOMETER
• 5 – PENTAMETER
• 2 – DIMETER
• 6 – SEXTAMETER
• 3 – TRIMETER
• 7 – HEPTAMETER
• 4 – TETRAMETER
• 8 – OCTAMETER
stanzas = each stanza is made up of a varying number of lines
• 2 lines make: COUPLET
• 6 lines make: SESTET
• 3 lines make: TERCET
• 7 lines make: SEPTET
• 4 lines make: QUATRAIN
• 8 lines make: OCTAVE
• 5 lines make: QUINTET
the most frequent in English poetry:
• iambic pentameter: - + / - + / - + / - + / - + /