VYPRACOVANÉ ZÁPISKY
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a speech or written tribute to the deceased (zesnulý) or perhaps to a living person
it is not necessarily in the form of a poem
function: those memorials help recall happy and good memories of dead loved ones
10.
GHAZAL
Arabic origin (arose in Urdu)
short lyrical poem
structure: made of couplets (between 5 – 15 couplets)
each couplet contains its own poetic thought
each line has the same amount of syllables (the same length)
the first couplet introduces a rhyme scheme
the subsequent (následující) couplets pick up the same scheme in the second line only of each pair
it is linked in the rhyme: a a / b a/ c a/ d a / e a …
theme: love and romance
last couplet: there is a closing signature that often includes the poet’s name or allusion to it
11.
JAPANESE HAIKU
Japanese origin
very short because Japanese people like purity and simplicity
structure: made of 3 lines (structure: 5 syllables, 7 syllables, 5 syllables = 17 syllables)
powerful because they have to express themselves in 17 syllables
theme: philosophical, about love or nature
European people adopted Haiku (in Europa there are clubs where
people meet and write)
12.
LIMERICK
short humorous, nonsensical and sometimes vulgar and lewd (oplzlý) poem
structure: consists of 5 lines
strict rhyme: a a b b a
it usually starts with “There was a … “
lines 1, 2 and 5 have from 7 to 10 syllables, and the same verbal rhythm
lines 3 and 4 have from 5 to 7 syllables, and the same rhythm
13. ODE
a lengthy lyrical poem typically of a serious or meditative nature
poets praise something that is around us (natural scenes, country, city, university or abstract ideas)
poets respect/admire a great hero from the past because he sacrificed his life or did something very important
example: Sappho - Ode to a Loved One
14.
PALINODE