syntax-zpracované všechny přednášky
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Common omission of determiners, pronouns, operators, and other closed-class words
US heading for new slump. ← “The US is heading for a new slump”
TEXTUAL
The interpretation depends on what is said in the linguistic context
“When we can easily understand everything in the sentence because of the surrounding text, we use
textual el ipsis.” C. Dictionary
ANAPHORIC
…depends on what comes BEFORE
I’m happy if you are (happy).
CATAPHORIC
…depends on what comes AFTER
Those who prefer (to stay indoor) can stay indoor.
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Functional type of textual ellipsis
GENERAL
The functional relation between the el iptical and antecedent constructions is irrelevant
SPECIAL
The possibilities of omission are determined by that relation ↑
Textual - GENERAL
Typical y final and anaphoric
Heads and post-modifiers tend to be omitted
The first expedition to the Antarctic was quickly fol owed by another two. Head + postmodifier el ipted
Stan spent part of his winnings, and the rest he saved. Postmodifier el ipted
They claim that the Danish butter is the finest in the world. Head el ipted
If I could have bought a ticket, I would have. Predicate el ipted
I would love to do it, but I do not know how. Clause el ipted (except for an introductory word – Wh
word, to, not to, etc.)
You can go to the cinema if you want to. Clause el ipted (except for an introductory word – Wh word,
to, not to, etc.)
Textual - SPECIAL
COORDINATION
Sam has trimmed the hedge and mowed the lawn.
NON-FINITE CLAUSES
(Since/because/as they were) considered works of art, they were admitted into the country without
customs duties.
VERBLESS CLAUSES – LIMITED TO TWO CLAUSE TYPES: SVC, SVA